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  2. Derivative - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Derivative

    The higher order derivatives can be applied in physics; for example, while the first derivative of the position of a moving object with respect to time is the object's velocity, how the position changes as time advances, the second derivative is the object's acceleration, how the velocity changes as time advances.

  3. Numerical differentiation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Numerical_differentiation

    Given below is the five-point method for the first derivative (five-point stencil in one dimension): [10] ′ = (+) + (+) + + (), where [, +]. For other stencil configurations and derivative orders, the Finite Difference Coefficients Calculator is a tool that can be used to generate derivative approximation methods for any stencil with any ...

  4. Chain rule - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chain_rule

    In calculus, the chain rule is a formula that expresses the derivative of the composition of two differentiable functions f and g in terms of the derivatives of f and g.More precisely, if = is the function such that () = (()) for every x, then the chain rule is, in Lagrange's notation, ′ = ′ (()) ′ (). or, equivalently, ′ = ′ = (′) ′.

  5. Differentiation rules - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Differentiation_rules

    The derivatives in the table above are for when the range of the inverse secant is [,] and when the range of the inverse cosecant is [,]. It is common to additionally define an inverse tangent function with two arguments , arctan ⁡ ( y , x ) . {\displaystyle \arctan(y,x).}

  6. Inverse function rule - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inverse_function_rule

    In calculus, the inverse function rule is a formula that expresses the derivative of the inverse of a bijective and differentiable function f in terms of the derivative of f. More precisely, if the inverse of f {\displaystyle f} is denoted as f − 1 {\displaystyle f^{-1}} , where f − 1 ( y ) = x {\displaystyle f^{-1}(y)=x} if and only if f ...

  7. Differential calculus - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Differential_calculus

    The derivative of () at the point = is the slope of the tangent to (, ()). [3] In order to gain an intuition for this, one must first be familiar with finding the slope of a linear equation, written in the form = +. The slope of an equation is its steepness.

  8. Five-point stencil - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Five-point_stencil

    The first derivative of a function f of a real variable at a point x can be approximated using a five-point stencil as: [1] ′ (+) + (+) + The center point f(x) itself is not involved, only the four neighboring points.

  9. Fundamental theorem of calculus - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fundamental_theorem_of...

    The first fundamental theorem says that the value of any function is the rate of change (the derivative) of its integral from a fixed starting point up to any chosen end point. Continuing the above example using a velocity as the function, you can integrate it from the starting time up to any given time to obtain a distance function whose ...