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Native American studies (also known as American Indian, Indigenous American, Aboriginal, Native, or First Nations studies) is an interdisciplinary academic field that examines the history, culture, politics, issues, spirituality, sociology and contemporary experience of Native peoples in North America, [1] or, taking a hemispheric approach, the Americas. [2]
Schematic illustration of maternal (mtDNA) gene-flow in and out of Beringia, from 25,000 years ago to present. The genetic history of the Indigenous peoples of the Americas is divided into two distinct periods: the initial peopling of the Americas from about 20,000 to 14,000 years ago (20–14 kya), and European contact, after about 500 years ago.
The Americas, Western Hemisphere Cultural regions of North American people at the time of contact Early Indigenous languages in the US. Historically, classification of the Indigenous peoples of the Americas is based upon cultural regions, geography, and linguistics. Anthropologists have named various cultural regions, with fluid boundaries ...
Violence and conflict with colonists were also important causes of the decline of certain Indigenous American populations since the 16th century. Population figures for the Indigenous peoples of the Americas before European colonization have been difficult to establish. Estimates have varied widely from as low as 8 million to as many as 100 ...
When answering a question about racial background, 3.7 million people identified solely as "American Indian or Alaska Native", while another 5.9 million did so in combination with other races. [256] Aztecs were the largest single Native American group in the 2020 census, while Cherokee was the largest group in combination with any other race. [257]
This regional sub-category is intended for articles on particular Indigenous peoples of this region, and related topics. See the discussion on the parent category talk page at Category talk:Indigenous peoples for suggested criteria to be used in determining whether or not any particular group should be placed in this sub-category.
In contrast, the indigenous groups of Old Europe had neither a warrior class nor horses. [55] [note 2] Indo-European languages probably spread through language shifts. [56] [57] Small groups can change a larger cultural area, [58] [1] and elite male dominance by small groups may have led to a language shift in northern India. [59] [60] [61]
Indigenous mapping is a practice where Indigenous communities own, control, access, and possess both the geographic information and mapping processes. It is based on Indigenous data sovereignty [1] [2] /intellectual property. Indigenous cartographers tend to employ different strategies than colony-focused or empire-focused cartographers.