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Potassium is the most abundant intracellular cation and about 98% of the body's potassium is found inside cells, with the remainder in the extracellular fluid including the blood. Membrane potential is maintained principally by the concentration gradient and membrane permeability to potassium with some contribution from the Na+/K+ pump .
The trans-tubular potassium gradient (TTKG) is an index reflecting the conservation of potassium in the cortical collecting ducts (CCD) of the kidneys. It is useful in diagnosing the causes of hyperkalemia or hypokalemia. [1] [2] The TTKG estimates the ratio of potassium in the lumen of the CCD to that in the peritubular capillaries.
K is the sign of potassium on the Periodic Table of Elements. However: "Fun fact: Minerals are included, vitamins are not. So, only potassium is represented, not vitamin K," Dr. Durham says.
Potassium resides mainly inside the cells of the body, so its concentration in the blood can range anywhere from 3.5 mEq/L to 5 mEq/L. [14] The kidneys are responsible for excreting the majority of potassium from the body. [14] This means their function is crucial for maintaining a proper balance of potassium in the blood stream.
“The working hypothesis is that these lighter isotopes of potassium are getting flushed into the bloodstream, in the serum fraction, where we are able to measurably resolve this change in blood ...
Hyperkalemia occurs when your blood potassium levels are too high, although according to the Cleveland Clinic, this accounts for only 2 to 3 percent of the U.S. population.
Hyperphosphatemia is a condition characterized by elevated levels of phosphate in the blood, often caused by kidney dysfunction or excessive intake.
Alkalosis is the result of a process reducing hydrogen ion concentration of arterial blood plasma (alkalemia).In contrast to acidemia (serum pH 7.35 or lower), alkalemia occurs when the serum pH is higher than normal (7.45 or higher).