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Dung beetles do not necessarily have to eat or drink anything else, because the dung provides all the necessary nutrients. [citation needed] Most dung beetles search for dung using their sensitive sense of smell. Some smaller species simply attach themselves to the dung-providers to wait for the dung.
Phanaeus vindex, also known as a rainbow scarab (like other members in its genus [1]), is a North American species of true dung beetle in the family Scarabaeidae.It is found in eastern and central United States (Florida and New England to Arizona and Wyoming) and northern Mexico.
Phanaeus, the rainbow scarabs, [1] is a genus of true dung beetles in the family Scarabaeidae (scarab beetles), ranging from the United States to northern Argentina, with the highest species richness in Mexico. [2] [3] Depending on species, they can inhabit a wide range of habitats, from tropical to temperate climates and deserts to rainforests.
Others, such as the Japanese beetle, are plant-eaters, wreaking havoc on various crops and vegetation. Some of the well-known beetles from the Scarabaeidae are Japanese beetles, dung beetles, June beetles, rose chafers (Australian, European, and North American), rhinoceros beetles, Hercules beetles and Goliath beetles.
These beetles are small scarab beetles, most less than 8 millimeters long. Many have small mandibles that are covered by a widened clypeus, the exoskeleton plate above the mouth. The feet are clawed. [1] This is a diverse subfamily with varied life strategies and habitat types. Many species are dung beetles, which collect and feed on animal dung.
The scarab beetle subfamily Scarabaeinae consists of species collectively called true dung beetles (there are also dung beetles in other subfamilies and families). Most of the beetles of this subfamily feed exclusively on dung. However, some may feed on decomposing matter including carrion, decaying fruits and fungi.
European rhinoceros beetle European rhinoceros beetle – three stages from larva to adult: larva (back), pupa (center), and imago (front). The Dynastinae are among the largest of beetles, reaching more than 15 centimetres (6 inches) in length, but are completely harmless to humans because they cannot bite or sting.
Male Hercules beetles may reach up to 173 mm (7 in) in length (including the horn), making them the longest species of beetle in the world, if jaws and/or horns are included in the measurement. [ 3 ] [ 6 ] The size of the horn is naturally variable, more so than any variation of the size of legs, wings, or overall body size in the species.