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Siddhartha Gautama, [e] most commonly referred to as the Buddha (lit. ' the awakened one ' ), [ 4 ] [ f ] [ g ] was a wandering ascetic and religious teacher who lived in South Asia [ h ] during the 6th or 5th century BCE [ 5 ] [ 6 ] [ 7 ] [ c ] and founded Buddhism .
The site of Siddhārtha Gautama's birth, Kapilavastu, is considered likely to have been historically genuine, [113] though not as commercially important as depicted in later texts. [114] It was an oligarchy or republic, led by a council with alternating rājas, which at the time of Siddhārtha Gautama's birth was Śuddhodana. [115]
Birth of the Buddha, Lorian Tangai, Gandhara.The Buddha is shown twice: being received by Indra, and then standing up immediately after. The iconography of the events reflects the elaborated versions of the Buddha's life story that had become established from about 100 AD in Gandharan art and elsewhere, such as Sanchi and Barhut, and were given detailed depictions in cycles of scenes ...
Early texts have the Buddha's family name as "Gautama" (Pali: Gotama), while some texts give Siddhartha as his surname. He was born in Lumbini, present-day Nepal and grew up in Kapilavastu, [note 3] a town in the Ganges Plain, near the modern Nepal–India border, and he spent his life in what is now modern Bihar [note 4] and Uttar Pradesh.
Traditions vary on what happened. Some say Siddhartha made a great vow to Nirvana and Earth to find the root of suffering, or die trying. In other traditions, while meditating he was harassed and tempted by the god Mara (literally, "Killer" in Sanskrit), demon of illusion.
The fourth Buddha, Dīpankara, is especially important, as he was the Buddha who gave niyatha vivarana (prediction of future Buddhahood) to the Brahmin youth who would in the distant future become the bodhisattva Gautama Buddha. [95] After Dīpankara, 25 more noble people (ariya-puggala) would attain enlightenment before Gautama, the historical ...
One day, when Prince Siddhartha's father took his young son out into a village area for a ploughing festival, his nurses left the would-be Buddha alone under a tree. During the festival, the young prince noticed various sights of suffering, such as laboring men and oxen, and worms and insects being exposed by the ploughing and eaten by birds.
Buddhism is a religion that is based on the teachings of Siddhartha Gautama. The main principles of this belief system are karma, rebirth, and impermanence . Buddhists believe that life is full of suffering , but that suffering can be overcome by attaining enlightenment.