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Media transparency, also referred to as transparent media or media opacity, [1] is a concept that explores how and why information subsidies are being produced, distributed and handled by media professionals, including journalists, editors, public relations practitioners, government officials, public affairs specialists, and spokespeople. In ...
This subset of media ethics is known as journalism's professional "code of ethics" and the "canons of journalism". [1] The basic codes and canons commonly appear in statements by professional journalism associations and individual print, broadcast, and online news organizations. There are around 400 codes covering journalistic work around the ...
Engagement with the public ensures that journalism remains open, accessible, collaborative, and participatory while keeping the journalist accountable to the highest standards of accuracy, independence, impartiality, and integrity. Your decisions on what work to do should be based on what is relevant and newsworthy to the community you serve.
Gatekeeping as a news process was identified in the literature as early as 1922, [dubious – discuss] though not yet given a formal theoretical name. In his book 'The Immigrant Press', Robert Park explains the process, "out of all of the events that happen and are recorded every day by correspondents, reporters, and the news agencies, the editor chooses certain items for publication which he ...
The ethics of journalism is one of the most well-defined branches of media ethics, primarily because it is frequently taught in schools of journalism. Journalistic ethics tend to dominate media ethics, sometimes almost to the exclusion of other areas. [4] Topics covered by journalism ethics include: News manipulation.
The Journalist's Creed is a personal and professional affirmation and code of journalism ethics written by Walter Williams in 1914. The creed has been published in more than 100 languages, and a bronze plaque of The Journalist's Creed hangs at the National Press Club in Washington, D.C. Williams was the founding dean of the Missouri School of Journalism.
Hallin's spheres is a theory of news reporting and its rhetorical framing posited by journalism historian Daniel C. Hallin in his 1986 book The Uncensored War to explain the news coverage of the Vietnam War. [1] Hallin divides the world of political discourse into three concentric spheres: consensus, legitimate controversy, and deviance.
In his written work Outline of a Theory of Practice (Bourdieu, 1977), Bourdieu claims an audience's preference in media is shaped by their social context. [8] How an individual interprets and engages with their surroundings, or their habitus, is defined by the lasting and transferable elements of character which structure their consumer ...