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Les Homilies d'Organyà (12th century), first written in Catalan.. By the 9th century, the Catalan language had developed from Vulgar Latin on both sides of the eastern end of the Pyrenees mountains (counties of Rosselló, Empúries, Besalú, Cerdanya, Urgell, Pallars and Ribagorça), as well as in the territories of the Roman province and later archdiocese of Tarraconensis to the south. [1]
The content of the Capitulation represented a culmination and consolidation of pactism and the constitutional system of Catalonia. However, the disaggrament of King John, the death of Charles shortly after and the remença uprising in 1462 led to a ten-year Catalan civil war that left the country exhausted.
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 2 February 2025. People from Catalonia and Northern Catalonia For other uses, see Catalan (disambiguation). Ethnic group Catalans [a] Total population c. 9 million Regions with significant populations Spain (people born in Catalonia of any ethnicity; excludes ethnic Catalans in other regions in Spain ...
Catalonia [d] is an autonomous community of Spain, designated as a nationality by its Statute of Autonomy. [e] [11] Most of its territory (except the Val d'Aran) is situated on the northeast of the Iberian Peninsula, to the south of the Pyrenees mountain range.
The victorious Bourbons soon outlawed many Catalan political and cultural institutions through the Nueva Planta decrees, and Castilian was introduced as official language. [55] The Renaixença, a Catalan literary and cultural revival, was partly a response to industrialization and was important in the development of modern Catalan identity. [56]
Throughout the nineteenth century, it became an industrial center while workers' movements and Catalan nationalism appeared. The Second Spanish Republic (1931-1939) granted it self-government, defending the Republican cause during the Spanish Civil War (1936-1939), while experiencing a revolutionary process .
Catalan institutions were suppressed in this part of the territory and, in 1700, public use of Catalan language was prohibited. [56] In recent times, [when?] this ceded area has come to be known by nationalist political parties in Catalonia as Northern Catalonia (Roussillon in French), part of the Catalan-spoken territories known as Catalan ...
The word Catalan is derived from the territorial name of Catalonia, itself of disputed etymology.The main theory suggests that Catalunya (Latin: Gathia Launia) derives from the name Gothia or Gauthia ('Land of the Goths'), since the origins of the Catalan counts, lords and people were found in the March of Gothia, whence Gothland > Gothlandia > Gothalania > Catalonia theoretically derived.