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The National Day for Truth and Reconciliation (sometimes shortened to T&R Day) (NDTR; French: Journée nationale de la vérité et de la réconciliation), originally and still colloquially known as Orange Shirt Day (French: Jour du chandail orange), [1] is a Canadian day of memorial to recognize the atrocities and multi-generational effects of the Canadian Indian residential school system. [2]
Boarding schools in Canada worked towards assimilation of Native students. Historians Brian Klopotek and Brenda Child explain, "Education for Indians was not mandatory in Canada until 1920, long after compulsory attendance laws were passed in the United States, although families frequently resisted sending their children to the residential schools.
According to a 1953 survey, 4,313 children of 10,112 residential school children were described as either orphans or originated from broken homes. [32] The sole residential school in Canada's Atlantic Provinces, in Shubenacadie, Nova Scotia, was one such school, taking in children whom child welfare agencies believed to be at risk. There is an ...
The Indian Residential Schools Settlement Agreement (IRSSA; French: Convention de règlement relative aux pensionnats indiens, CRRPI [1]) is an agreement between the government of Canada and approximately 86,000 Indigenous peoples in Canada who at some point were enrolled as children in the Canadian Indian residential school system, a system which was in place between 1879 and 1997.
The following is a list of schools that operated as part of the Canadian Indian residential school system. [ nb 1 ] [ 1 ] [ 2 ] The first opened in 1828, and the last closed in 1997. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] [ 5 ] These schools operated in all Canadian provinces and territories except Prince Edward Island , and New Brunswick .
New classroom building of Kamloops Indian Residential School circa 1950. Hundreds of children attended the school, many forcibly removed from their homes following the introduction of mandatory attendance laws in the 1920s. [2] The children who attended were not allowed to speak their native languages and were whipped for using them. [27]
[citation needed] CBC's Ombudsman, in reviewing a complaint regarding language related to residential school attendance, cited the 2008 Statement of apology to former students of Indian Residential Schools [4]: "the residential school system was intended to “remove and isolate children from the influence of their homes, families, traditions ...
The Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada had reported in 2015: "Throughout the history of Canada’s residential school system, there was no effort to record across the entire system the number of students who died while attending the schools each year. The National Residential School Student Death Register, established by the Truth ...