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Patients present with both alveolar hypoventilation along with hypothalamic dysfunction, which distinguishes ROHHAD from congenital central hypoventilation syndrome (CCHS). [2] ROHHAD is a rare disease, with only 100 reported cases worldwide thus far. [3] The first sign of ROHHAD is a rapid weight gain between 1.5 and 11 years of age. [4]
The term childhood disease refers to disease that is contracted or becomes symptomatic before the age of 18 or 21 years old. Many of these diseases can also be contracted by adults. Some childhood diseases include:
Symptoms may include headaches, insomnia, fatigue, and chest or abdominal pain. FMD affecting the arteries of the head and neck is commonly recognized as a cause of childhood strokes. [7] In children, renovascular disease accounts for approximately 10% of all causes of secondary hypertension. [8]
Alexander disease causes the gradual loss of bodily functions and the ability to talk. It also causes an overload of long-chain fatty acids in the brain, which destroy the myelin sheath. The cause of Alexander disease is a mutation in the gene encoding GFAP. [2] [7] [4] [5] [11] [10] [excessive citations] A CT scan shows: Decreased density of ...
MELAS is a condition that affects many of the body's systems, particularly the brain and nervous system (encephalo-) and muscles (myopathy). In most cases, the signs and symptoms of this disorder appear in childhood following a period of normal development. [4]
CHS is exhibited typically as a congenital disorder, but in rare circumstances, can also result from severe brain or spinal trauma or injury (such as after an automobile accident, stroke, asphyxiation, brain tumor, encephalitis, poisoning, as a complication of neurosurgery) or due to particular neurodegenerative conditions such as Parkinson's disease, multiple system atrophy, or multiple ...
Leigh syndrome, French Canadian type, also known as congenital lactic acidosis, Saguenay-Lac-Saint-Jean type, is a rare mitochondrial disorder which is characterized by regular metabolic acidosis, hypotonia, developmental delays and facial dysmorphy. [1] [2] It's associated with mutations in a gene in chromosome 2. Approximately 100 cases of ...
Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE), also known as Dawson disease, is a rare form of progressive brain inflammation caused by a persistent infection with the measles virus. The condition primarily affects children, teens, and young adults. It has been estimated that about 2 in 10,000 people who get measles will eventually develop SSPE. [1]
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