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Freehand lettering is done without the assistance of tools. To regulate lettering height, commonly 3 mm (1 ⁄ 8-in), guidelines are drawn.Mechanical lettering is done using tools such as lettering guides, templates, or using a small mechanical pantograph referred to by the Keuffel and Esser trademark "Leroy"
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Rulers may also be used as a support for separate special rulers and letter templates. The rules are replaceable and they can be for example scale-rules. Drawing apparatus has evolved from a drawing board mounted parallel ruler and a pantograph , which is a device used for copying objects in an adjustable ratio of sizes.
A variety of rulers A carpenter's rule Retractable flexible rule or tape measure A closeup of a steel ruler A ruler in combination with a letter scale. A ruler, sometimes called a rule, scale or a line gauge or metre/meter stick, is an instrument used to make length measurements, whereby a length is read from a series of markings called "rules" along an edge of the device. [1]
Initially, paper was ruled by hand, sometimes using templates. [1] Scribes could rule their paper using a "hard point," a sharp implement which left embossed lines on the paper without any ink or color, [2] or could use "metal point," an implement which left colored marks on the paper, much like a graphite pencil, though various other metals were used.
French curves are used in fashion design and sewing alongside hip curves, straight edges and right-angle rulers. Commercial clothing patterns can be personalized for fit by using French curves to draw neckline, sleeve, bust and waist variations.
Similar to the Geodreieck, a number of other protractor triangle types exist for navigation purposes. Various designs are named navigation (protractor) triangle, nautical navigational triangle, nautical set square, Portland (navigational) triangle or Portland protractor triangle, Kent-type triangle, Inoue-type A/B nautical triangle or plotting triangle, course triangle, yachtsmen triangle, and ...
A scale ruler is a tool for measuring lengths and transferring measurements at a fixed ratio of length; two common examples are an architect's scale and engineer's scale. In scientific and engineering terminology, a device to measure linear distance and create proportional linear measurements is called a scale.