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A bone fracture (abbreviated FRX or Fx, F x, or #) is a medical condition in which there is a partial or complete break in the continuity of any bone in the body. In more severe cases, the bone may be broken into several fragments, known as a comminuted fracture. [1]
Greenstick fractures are unstable and often occur in younger children. Complete fractures, where the bone is completely broken, are unstable. In a complete fracture the bone can be misaligned. [4] For a complete fracture, a closed fractures are those in which the skin and tissue lying
Fractures can be classified as either open or closed, depending on whether the integrity of the overlying skin has been disrupted or preserved, respectively. Several classification systems have been developed to further characterize soft tissue injuries in the setting of an underlying fracture: [14]
Closed reduction is the manipulation of the bone fragments without surgical exposure of the fragments. See also: Closed reduction with internal fixation Open reduction is where the fracture fragments are exposed through surgical dissection of tissues.
A Colles' fracture is a type of fracture of the distal forearm in which the broken end of the radius is bent backwards. [2] Symptoms may include pain, swelling , deformity, and bruising . [ 2 ] Complications may include damage to the median nerve .
Other fractures of the body, are classified as open or closed. Because fractures that involve the teeth, by definition, communicate with the mouth this distinction is largely lost in mandible fractures. Condylar, ramus, and coronoid process fractures are generally closed whereas angle, body and parasymphsis fractures are generally open.
Closed fractures 0 Fr. C 0 - No or minor soft-tissue injury from a simple fracture due to indirect trauma I Fr. O 1 - Skin lacerated by bone fragment. No or minimal contusion to the skin Fr. C 1 - Superficial contusion or abrasion to the skin II Fr. O 2 - Skin laceration with circumferential skin or soft-tissue contusion and moderate contamination
A femoral fracture is a bone fracture that involves the femur. They are typically sustained in high-impact trauma, such as car crashes , due to the large amount of force needed to break the bone. Fractures of the diaphysis , or middle of the femur, are managed differently from those at the head, neck, and trochanter ; those are conventionally ...