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The Liverpool Care Pathway for the Dying Patient (LCP) was a care pathway in the United Kingdom (excluding Wales) covering palliative care options for patients in the final days or hours of life. It was developed to help doctors and nurses provide quality end-of-life care , to transfer quality end-of-life care from the hospice to hospital setting.
Cirrhosis, also known as liver cirrhosis or hepatic cirrhosis, chronic liver failure or chronic hepatic failure and end-stage liver disease, is an acute condition of the liver in which the normal functioning tissue, or parenchyma, is replaced with scar tissue and regenerative nodules as a result of chronic liver disease.
The Model for End-Stage Liver Disease, or MELD, is a scoring system for assessing the severity of chronic liver disease.It was initially developed to predict mortality within three months of surgery in patients who had undergone a transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) procedure, [1] and was subsequently found to be useful in determining prognosis and prioritizing for receipt of ...
for liver transplantation in acute liver failure [25] Patients with paracetamol toxicity. pH < 7.3 or Prothrombin time > 100 seconds and serum creatinine level > 3.4 mg/dL (> 300 μmol/L) if in grade III or IV encephalopathy. Other patients. Prothrombin time > 100 seconds or Three of the following variables: Age < 10 yr or > 40 years; Cause ...
Chronic liver disease in the clinical context is a disease process of the liver that involves a process of progressive destruction and regeneration of the liver parenchyma leading to fibrosis and cirrhosis. [1] "Chronic liver disease" refers to disease of the liver which lasts over a period of six months. It consists of a wide range of liver ...
Hepatitis C infection: A concomitant hepatitis C infection significantly accelerates the process of liver injury. [7] Genetic factors: Genetic factors predispose both to alcoholism and to alcoholic liver disease. Both monozygotic twins are more likely to be alcoholics and to develop liver cirrhosis than both dizygotic twins.
10-20% of patients with alcoholic hepatitis progress to alcoholic liver cirrhosis every year. [10] Patients with liver cirrhosis develop liver cancer at a rate of 1.5% per year. [11] In total, 70% of those with alcoholic hepatitis will go on to develop alcoholic liver cirrhosis in their lifetimes. [10]
Liver failure is the inability of the liver to perform its normal synthetic and metabolic functions as part of normal physiology. Two forms are recognised, acute and chronic (cirrhosis). [ 1 ] Recently, a third form of liver failure known as acute-on-chronic liver failure ( ACLF ) is increasingly being recognized.