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Mongolia [b] is a landlocked country in East Asia, bordered by Russia to the north and China to the south. It covers an area of 1,564,116 square kilometres (603,909 square miles), with a population of 3.5 million, making it the world's most sparsely populated sovereign state.
An enlargeable map of Mongolia. The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Mongolia: Mongolia – A landlocked sovereign country located in East-Central Asia. [1] It borders Russia to the north and China to the south. Ulaanbaatar, the capital and largest city, is home to about 38% of the population.
The government is collectively responsible to the State Great Khural and must resign if a motion of no confidence is adopted by the State Great Khural. The State Great Khural determines the structure and composition of the government by submission of Prime Minister. The government is one of the 3 subjects that have the right to initiate laws. [1]
A state governed as a single power in which the central government is ultimately supreme and any administrative divisions (sub-national units) exercise only the powers that the central government chooses to delegate. The majority of states in the world have a unitary system of government.
[1] [2] [3] Executive power is exercised by the government, which is headed by the prime minister. The president is the head of state, but holds limited authority over the executive branch of the government, unlike full presidential republics like the United States. Legislative power is vested in parliament.
The World Health Organization label this region the "Western Pacific", with East Asia not being used in their concept of major world regions. Their definition of this region further includes Mongolia and the adjacent area of Cambodia , as well as the countries of the South East Asia Archipelago (excluding East Timor and Indonesia ).
Multiple sources give different estimates of the area enclosed by the imaginary border of Asia. The New York Times Atlas of the World gives 43,608,000 km 2 (16,837,000 sq mi). [1] Chambers World Gazetteer rounds off to 44,000,000 km 2 (17,000,000 sq mi), [2] while the Concise Columbia Encyclopedia gives 44,390,000 km 2 (17,140,000 sq mi). [3]
Mongolia's largest lake by volume of water, Lake Khövsgöl, drains via the Selenge river to the Arctic Ocean. One of the most easterly lakes of Mongolia, Hoh Nuur, at an elevation of 557 metres, is the lowest point in the country. [7] In total, the lakes and rivers of Mongolia cover 10,560 square kilometres, or 0.67% of the country. [1]