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Calcitonin. Calcitonin is a 32 amino acid peptide hormone secreted by parafollicular cells (also known as C cells) of the thyroid (or endostyle) in humans and other chordates [5] in the ultimopharyngeal body. [6] It acts to reduce blood calcium (Ca 2+), opposing the effects of parathyroid hormone (PTH). [7]
[2] α-CGRP is a 37-amino acid neuropeptide and is formed by alternative splicing [3] of the calcitonin/CGRP gene located on chromosome 11. β-CGRP is less studied. In humans, β-CGRP differs from α-CGRP by three amino acids and is encoded in a separate, nearby gene. [4] The CGRP family includes calcitonin (CT), adrenomedullin (AM), and amylin ...
Vitamin D is a group of fat-soluble secosteroids responsible for increasing intestinal absorption of calcium, magnesium, and phosphate, along with numerous other biological functions. [ 1 ][ 2 ] In humans, the most significant compounds within this group are vitamin D 3 (cholecalciferol) and vitamin D 2 (ergocalciferol). [ 2 ][ 3 ]
Calcitonin. Calcitonin is a hormone made by your thyroid gland that helps regulate calcium levels in your body and build bone mass. Taking calcitonin can help slow the rate of bone loss.
Calcium metabolism is the movement and regulation of calcium ions (Ca 2+) in (via the gut) and out (via the gut and kidneys) of the body, and between body compartments: the blood plasma, the extracellular and intracellular fluids, and bone. Bone acts as a calcium storage center for deposits and withdrawals as needed by the blood via continual ...
Salmon calcitonin. Salmon calcitonin (sCT) [1] is the type of calcitonin hormone found in salmon. [2] Similar to humans, salmon calcitonin is a peptide hormone produced in the ultimobranchial region by parafollicular cells in response to hypercalcemia and lowers blood calcium and phosphate by promoting renal excretion.
Calcitonin receptor. The calcitonin receptor (CT) is a G protein-coupled receptor that binds the peptide hormone calcitonin and is involved in maintenance of calcium homeostasis, [5] particularly with respect to bone formation and metabolism. [6][7][8]
Procalcitonin (PCT) is a peptide precursor of the hormone calcitonin, the latter being involved with calcium homeostasis. It arises once preprocalcitonin is cleaved by endopeptidase. [1] It was first identified by Leonard J. Deftos and Bernard A. Roos in the 1970s. [2] It is composed of 116 amino acids and is produced by parafollicular cells (C ...