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Antinuclear antibodies (ANAs, also known as antinuclear factor or ANF) [2] are autoantibodies that bind to contents of the cell nucleus. In normal individuals, the immune system produces antibodies to foreign proteins but not to human proteins (autoantigens). In some cases, antibodies to human antigens are produced; these are known as ...
Depending on the anti-ENA being investigated, one technique may be used over the other. For example, Scl-70 antigen is less negatively charged, which can result in the antigen traveling in the same direction as the antibody. This would result in the antibody-antigen complex not precipitating; leading to invalid results. [4]
Anti-Jo1 is an anti-nuclear antibody. [1] [2] Anti-Jo1 has been associated with inflammatory myopathies such as polymyositis, dermatomyositis and antisynthetase syndrome. [3] [4] It has histidine-tRNA ligase as a target.
Immunofluorescence pattern of SS-A and SS-B antibodies. Produced using serum from a patient on HEp-20-10 cells with a FITC conjugate. Anti-SSA autoantibodies (anti–Sjögren's-syndrome-related antigen A autoantibodies, also called anti-Ro, or similar names including anti-SSA/Ro, anti-Ro/SSA, anti–SS-A/Ro, and anti-Ro/SS-A) are a type of anti-nuclear autoantibodies that are associated with ...
Anti-double stranded DNA (Anti-dsDNA) antibodies are a group of anti-nuclear antibodies (ANA) the target antigen of which is double stranded DNA. Blood tests such as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and immunofluorescence are routinely performed to detect anti-dsDNA antibodies in diagnostic laboratories.
p-ANCA is associated with several medical conditions: [3] It is fairly specific, but not sensitive for ulcerative colitis, so is not useful as a sole diagnostic test. [4] When measured together with anti-saccharomyces cerevisiae antibodies (ASCA), p-ANCA has been estimated to have a specificity of 97% and a sensitivity of 48% in differentiating patients with ulcerative colitis from normal ...
Since this activity occurs in the nucleus of the cell ATA is a form of antinuclear antibody. Scleroderma results from the overproduction of collagen in affected tissues, one study claims that there is an increased density of Topoisomerase I sites in the collagen genes, and that the antibodies may be altering transcription at these loci. [7]
Anti-histone antibodies are autoantibodies that are a subset of the anti-nuclear antibody family, which specifically target histone protein subunits or histone complexes. [1] They were first reported by Henry Kunkel , H.R. Holman, and H.R.G. Dreicher in their studies of cellular causes of lupus erythematosus in 1959–60.