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A 12-gauge shotgun cartridge in a transparent plastic hull, allowing the contents to be seen. From left to right: brass, propellant, over-powder wad, shot wad, #8 birdshot, over-shot wad, and crimp. A shotgun cartridge, shotshell, or shell is a type of rimmed, cylindrical (straight-walled) ammunition used specifically in shotguns.
Once semi-smokeless and smokeless powders were introduced, the weight of powder needed decreased for a given level of performance. So, shotshell makers advertised dram equivalents instead. This indicated the equivalent power of a smokeless powder shotshell to an old shotshell using that number of drams of black powder.
Initial production for the Vietnam War loaded 00 buckshot into the same red plastic cases being used for sporting ammunition and was designated: Shell, shotgun, plastic case, 12 gauge, No. 00 buck, XM162. The shells were typically packaged as twelve ten-round cardboard boxes within a metal ammunition box. [1]
A teaspoonful has been considered equal to one fluid dram for medical prescriptions. [19] However, by 1876 the teaspoon had grown considerably larger than it was previously, measuring 80–85 minims. [20] As there are 60 minims in a fluid dram, [5]: C-5, C-7 using this equivalent for the dosage of medicine was no longer suitable. [20]
A 12-gauge shotgun, nominally 18.5 mm (0.73 in), can range from a tight 18 mm (0.71 in) to an extreme overbore of 20 mm (0.79 in). Some also claim an increased velocity with the overbored barrels, up to 15 m/s (49 ft/s), which is due to the larger swept volume of the overbored barrel.
In 1932 it was nationalized by the Polish Government, who consolidated all production at Rembertów. In 1934 it began producing the Darzbór ("Good Hunting") shotshell line. In 1935 it began production of the Gryf ("Griffin") shotshell line, which used French-made components by SFM that were assembled by Pocisk in Poland.
Shotgun shells are still rated in terms of the same archaic dram measurements, relative to their equivalence of smokeless powder load to a black-powder load weighed in drams.) John "Pondoro" Taylor mentioned in his book African Rifles and Cartridges that the 12 drams (328 gr., 3/4 oz., or 21 g.) charge would propel the projectile at around ...
Unlike the IZ-109 manually adjustable gas regulator system used on the Saiga-12, the gas system on the Vepr-12 is a clone of the IZ-433 unregulated fixed open port tappet system, allowing the Vepr-12 to cycle most commercially available 12-gauge loads, from 3.25 dram equivalent and up, without risking damage to the shotgun and without requiring ...