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Project management became recognized as a distinct discipline arising from the management discipline with the engineering model. [13] In the United States, prior to the 1950s, projects were managed on an ad-hoc basis, using mostly Gantt charts and informal techniques and tools.
Ad hoc is a Latin phrase meaning literally ' for this '. In English , it typically signifies a solution designed for a specific purpose, problem, or task rather than a generalized solution adaptable to collateral instances (compare with a priori ).
Project management office: The Project management office in a business or professional enterprise is the department or group that defines and maintains the standards of process, generally related to project management, within the organization. The PMO strives to standardize and introduce economies of repetition in the execution of projects.
PERT network chart for a seven-month project with five milestones (10 through 50) and six activities (A through F). work breakdown structure, A work breakdown structure (WBS), in project management is a deliverable oriented decomposition of a project into smaller components. A Gantt chart is a type of bar chart, that illustrates a project ...
A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge — Sixth Edition provides guidelines for managing individual projects and defines project management related concepts. It also describes the project management life cycle and its related processes, as well as the project life cycle. [9] and for the first time it includes an "Agile Practice ...
The Capability Maturity Model was originally developed as a tool for objectively assessing the ability of government contractors' processes to implement a contracted software project. The model is based on the process maturity framework first described in IEEE Software [ 2 ] and, later, in the 1989 book Managing the Software Process by Watts ...
Event chain methodology is an uncertainty modeling and schedule network analysis technique that is focused on identifying and managing events and event chains that affect project schedules. Event chain methodology is the next advance beyond critical path method and critical chain project management.
Project cancellation is the termination of a project prior to its completion and generally includes the cessation of access to funding and other project resources. Project cancellation may result from cost overruns , schedule overruns, changes in budget , change or obviation of the goal of the project, political factors, or any combination of ...