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[1] [2] Specific phobias are further divided to include certain animals, natural environment, blood or injury, and particular situations. [1] The most common are fear of spiders, fear of snakes, and fear of heights. [10] Specific phobias may be caused by a negative experience with the object or situation in early childhood to early adulthood. [1]
Research suggests that phobias can occur from a variety of things. They can be caused by a person’s genetics; they can be a result of environmental factors and they can also come about from ...
The English suffixes -phobia, -phobic, -phobe (from Greek φόβος phobos, "fear") occur in technical usage in psychiatry to construct words that describe irrational, abnormal, unwarranted, persistent, or disabling fear as a mental disorder (e.g. agoraphobia), in chemistry to describe chemical aversions (e.g. hydrophobic), in biology to describe organisms that dislike certain conditions (e.g ...
Nosophobia, also known as disease phobia [1] or illness anxiety disorder, [2] is the irrational fear of contracting a disease, a type of specific phobia.Primary fears of this kind are fear of contracting HIV infection (AIDS phobia or HIV serophobia), [3] pulmonary tuberculosis (phthisiophobia), [4] sexually transmitted infections (syphilophobia or venereophobia), [5] cancer (carcinophobia ...
This can lead to health issues in phobic individuals as a result of avoidance of hospitals, doctors' appointments, blood tests, and vaccinations, or of necessary self-injections in those with diabetes [6] [3] and multiple sclerosis (MS). [7] Due to frequent avoidance of phobic triggers, BII phobics' personal and professional lives may be limited.
Blood phobia is often caused by direct or vicarious trauma in childhood. [3] Though some have suggested a possible genetic link, a study of twins suggests that social learning and traumatic events, rather than genetics, is of greater significance. [4] Blood-injection-injury phobia (BII) affects about 4% of the population in the United States. [5]
The mechanisms for development of specific phobias can be distinguished between innate (genetic and neurobiological) factors, and learned factors. In neurobiology, one explanation proposed for specific phobia is that the typical activation of the amygdala in response to stimuli may be exaggerated due to pathological changes.
As with other phobias, psychologists believe trypophobia may have evolutionary origins. "There's some thought that these things come from some evolutionary fears, like fear of heights is real ...