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[1] [2] Specific phobias are further divided to include certain animals, natural environment, blood or injury, and particular situations. [1] The most common are fear of spiders, fear of snakes, and fear of heights. [10] Specific phobias may be caused by a negative experience with the object or situation in early childhood to early adulthood. [1]
Nosophobia, also known as disease phobia [1] or illness anxiety disorder, [2] is the irrational fear of contracting a disease, a type of specific phobia.Primary fears of this kind are fear of contracting HIV infection (AIDS phobia or HIV serophobia), [3] pulmonary tuberculosis (phthisiophobia), [4] sexually transmitted infections (syphilophobia or venereophobia), [5] cancer (carcinophobia ...
The English suffixes -phobia, -phobic, -phobe (from Greek φόβος phobos, "fear") occur in technical usage in psychiatry to construct words that describe irrational, abnormal, unwarranted, persistent, or disabling fear as a mental disorder (e.g. agoraphobia), in chemistry to describe chemical aversions (e.g. hydrophobic), in biology to describe organisms that dislike certain conditions (e.g ...
Research suggests that phobias can occur from a variety of things. They can be caused by a person’s genetics; they can be a result of environmental factors and they can also come about from ...
Risk factors for mental illness include psychological trauma, adverse childhood experiences, genetic predisposition, and personality traits. [7] [8] Correlations between mental disorders and substance use are also found to have a two way relationship, in that substance use can lead to the development of mental disorders and having mental disorders can lead to substance use/abuse.
Also, systematic desensitisation can be used, especially where phobias are involved by using the phobia that currently causes the dysfunctional behaviour and coupling it with a phobia that produces a more intense reaction. This is meant to make the first phobia seem less fearsome etc. as it has been put in comparison with the second phobia.
This can lead to health issues in phobic individuals as a result of avoidance of hospitals, doctors' appointments, blood tests, and vaccinations, or of necessary self-injections in those with diabetes [6] [3] and multiple sclerosis (MS). [7] Due to frequent avoidance of phobic triggers, BII phobics' personal and professional lives may be limited.
Other medical conditions such as keratoconus (an eye disorder that results in extreme optic sensitivity to sunlight and bright lights), migraine which can be triggered by bright light, and porphyria cutanea tarda, which causes the skin to be overly sensitive to sunlight to the point of causing blisters, can result in heliophobia if the sufferer ...