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Hashish (/ h ə ˈ ʃ iː ʃ / ⓘ; from Arabic ḥašiš 'hay'), usually abbreviated as hash, is a compressed form of powdered marijuana. [3] [4] As a psychoactive substance, it is consumed plain or mixed with tobacco. It has a long history of use in countries such as Afghanistan, India, Pakistan, Iran, Iraq, Lebanon, Morocco and Egypt. [5]
The Club des Hashischins (sometimes also spelled Club des Hashishins or Club des Hachichins, "Club of the Hashish-Eaters") was a Parisian group dedicated to the exploration of drug-induced experiences, notably with hashish. [1] Members included Victor Hugo, Alexandre Dumas, Charles Baudelaire, Gérard de Nerval and Honoré de Balzac. [2] [1]
The cultivation of cannabis in Italy has a long history dating back to Roman times, when it was primarily used to produce hemp ropes, although pollen records from core samples show that Cannabaceae plants were present in the Italian peninsula since at least the Late Pleistocene, while the earliest evidence of their use dates back to the Bronze Age.
Morocco produces a substantial portion of the world's hashish; it was the top producer for the 2002–2010 period before a 2012 study placed Afghanistan as the top producer. Morocco's 2010 production was 760 tons of cannabis resin. [12] In 2003, 70% of Europe's hashish consumed was produced in Morocco. [13]
Hashish resin. Morocco is the world's largest exporter of hashish, the resin from cannabis. [8] [9] According to the World Customs Organization, Morocco supplies 70% of the European hashish market. Although statistics vary widely, hashish production is estimated to be 2,000 metric tons per year, with up to 85,000 hectares devoted to cannabis ...
Country/Territory Recreational Medical Notes Afghanistan Illegal Illegal Main article: Cannabis in Afghanistan Production banned by King Zahir Shah in 1973. Albania Illegal Legal Main article: Cannabis in Albania Prohibited but plants highly available throughout the country and law often unenforced. On 21 July 2023 the Albanian Parliament voted 69–23 to legalize medical cannabis. Algeria ...
[6] [7] The legal effort to restrict cultivation and growth has gradually subsided, resulting in an increase of the growth and consumption of cannabis and cannabis-related products. [ 3 ] In June 2015, Maggie De Block signed a royal decree legalising certain uses of medical cannabis, which as of 2015 only include Sativex oral spray for multiple ...
World map of annual cannabis prevalence. This is a list of the annual prevalence of cannabis use by country (including some territories) as a percentage of the population. The indicator is an "annual prevalence" rate which is the percentage of the youth and adult population who have consumed cannabis at least once in the past survey year.