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A wide variety of HPV types can cause genital warts, but types 6 and 11 together account for about 90% of all cases. [35] [36] However, in total more than 40 types of HPV are transmitted through sexual contact and can infect the skin of the anus and genitals. [4] Such infections may cause genital warts, although they may also remain asymptomatic.
HPV types 6 and 11 are responsible for causing majority of genital warts whereas HPV types 16, 18, 31, 33, and 35 are also occasionally found. [5] It is spread through direct skin-to-skin contact, usually during oral , manual , vaginal , or anal sex with an infected partner.
An anal Pap smear is the anal counterpart of the cervical Pap smear. [1] It is used for the early detection of anal cancer . Some types of human papillomavirus (HPV) can cause anal cancer. [ 2 ]
Gardasil is designed to prevent infection with HPV types 16, 18, 6, and 11. HPV types 16 and 18 currently cause about 70% of cervical cancer cases, [13] [14] and also cause some vulvar, vaginal, [11] penile and anal cancers. [12] HPV types 6 and 11 are responsible for 90% of documented cases of genital warts. [17]
Based on the study in Denmark and Sweden, Parkin estimated that 90% of anal cancers are attributable to HPV. [11] Sexual activity: Due to increased risk of exposure to HPV, having multiple sex partners and receptive anal intercourse greatly increases the likelihood of developing anal cancer, for men and women. [12] [13] [14]
A squamous cell papilloma is a generally benign papilloma that arises from the stratified squamous epithelium of the skin, lip, oral cavity, tongue, pharynx, larynx, esophagus, cervix, vagina or anal canal.
All known papillomavirus types infect a particular body surface, [2] typically the skin or mucosal epithelium of the genitals, anus, mouth, or airways. [8] For example, human papillomavirus (HPV) type 1 tends to infect the soles of the feet, and HPV type 2 the palms of the hands, where they may cause warts.
Anal dysplasia is most commonly linked to human papillomavirus (HPV), a usually sexually-transmitted infection. [3] HPV is the most common sexually transmitted infection in the United States [4] while genital herpes was the most common sexually transmitted infection globally. [5]
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