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Alfonso was born to Sancho III of Castile and Blanche, in Soria on 11 November 1155. [7] He was named after his grandfather Alfonso VII of León and Castile, who divided his kingdoms between his sons. This division set the stage for conflict in the family until the kingdoms were re-united by Alfonso VIII's grandson, Ferdinand III of Castile. [8]
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The border of the Tagus had been overwhelmed in the second half of the 12th century because Alfonso VIII of Castile was advancing towards the Júcar. [1] He besieged Cuenca in 1172 but, after five months of siege, the caliph Abu Yaqub forced the Castilian to lift the siege by attacking Huete. [2]
On 2 January 1187, Pope Clement III issued a papal bull authorising the founding of a monastery dedicated to the Virgin Mary. [2] In June of the same year, Alfonso VIII of Castile, [3] [2] at the behest of his wife, Eleanor of England, daughter of Henry II of England and Eleanor of Aquitaine granted the foundational charter stipulating that the monastery was to be governed by the Cistercian Order.
Alfonso VIII took the opportunity and began a counter-offensive in Cuenca, [2] from which came great danger since the Almohads used it as an outpost in their continuous attacks against Castile. [3] The city was well fortified so Alfonso VIII, with the help of Alfonso II of Aragon, carried out a long siege and captured it in 1177.
Alfonso VII (1 March 1105 [3] – 21 August 1157), called the Emperor (el Emperador), became the King of Galicia in 1111 [4] and King of León and Castile in 1126. Alfonso, born Alfonso Raimúndez, first used the title Emperor of All Spain, alongside his mother Urraca, once she vested him with the direct rule of Toledo in 1116. [3]
The following is the family tree of the Spanish monarchs starting from Isabella I of Castile and Ferdinand II of Aragon till the present day. The former kingdoms of Aragon (see family tree), Castile (see family tree) and Navarre (see family tree) were independent kingdoms that unified in 1469 as personal union, with the marriage of the Catholic Monarchs, to become the Kingdom of Spain (de ...
Alfonso VIII the Noble King of Castile 1155–1214 r. 1158–1214: Sancho I King of Portugal 1154–1212: Sancho 1181: Henry 1184: Ferdinand 1189–1211: Mafalda 1191–1211: Constance c. 1202 –1243: Eleanor 1200–1244: James I the Conqueror King of Aragon 1208–1276: Henry I King of Castile 1204–1217 r. 1214–1217: Berengaria Queen of ...