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Alfonso was born to Sancho III of Castile and Blanche, in Soria on 11 November 1155. [7] He was named after his grandfather Alfonso VII of León and Castile, who divided his kingdoms between his sons. This division set the stage for conflict in the family until the kingdoms were re-united by Alfonso VIII's grandson, Ferdinand III of Castile. [8]
The border of the Tagus had been overwhelmed in the second half of the 12th century because Alfonso VIII of Castile was advancing towards the Júcar. [1] He besieged Cuenca in 1172 but, after five months of siege, the caliph Abu Yaqub forced the Castilian to lift the siege by attacking Huete. [2]
Oldest son of Alfonso VII. Although his father was king of Castile, León, and Galicia, Sancho only inherited Castile, with León and Galicia going to his younger brother Ferdinand. (Castile , León, and Galicia would be later re-united in 1230 under Ferdinand III.) Alfonso VIII: The Noble 31 August 1158 6 October 1214 Oldest son of Sancho III.
Alfonso VIII the Noble King of Castile 1155–1214 r. 1158–1214: Sancho I King of Portugal 1154–1212: Sancho 1181: Henry 1184: Ferdinand 1189–1211: Mafalda 1191–1211: Constance c. 1202 –1243: Eleanor 1200–1244: James I the Conqueror King of Aragon 1208–1276: Henry I King of Castile 1204–1217 r. 1214–1217: Berengaria Queen of ...
Alfonso VIII took the opportunity and began a counter-offensive in Cuenca, [2] from which came great danger since the Almohads used it as an outpost in their continuous attacks against Castile. [3] The city was well fortified so Alfonso VIII, with the help of Alfonso II of Aragon, carried out a long siege and captured it in 1177.
On 2 January 1187, Pope Clement III issued a papal bull authorising the founding of a monastery dedicated to the Virgin Mary. [2] In June of the same year, Alfonso VIII of Castile, [3] [2] at the behest of his wife, Eleanor of England, daughter of Henry II of England and Eleanor of Aquitaine granted the foundational charter stipulating that the monastery was to be governed by the Cistercian Order.
Upon her death, he became sole King of Castile and Aragon, and the thrones were left permanently united to Philip II of Spain and successors. Traditional numbering of monarchs follows the Castillian crown; i.e. after King Ferdinand (II of Aragon and V of Castile jure uxoris as husband of Queen of Castille Isabella I), the next Ferdinand was ...
Battle location. Battle of Alarcos (July 18, 1195), [3] was fought between the Almohads led by Abu Yusuf Ya'qub al-Mansur and King Alfonso VIII of Castile. [4] It resulted in the defeat of the Castilian forces and their subsequent retreat to Toledo, whereas the Almohads reconquered Trujillo, Montánchez, and Talavera.