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GCC started out using Bison, but switched to a hand-written recursive-descent parser for C++ in 2004 (version 3.4), [13] and for C and Objective-C in 2006 (version 4.1) [14] The Go programming language (GC) used Bison, but switched to a hand-written scanner and parser in version 1.5. [15] LilyPond requires Bison to generate its parser. [16 ...
These programs perform character parsing and tokenizing via the use of a deterministic finite automaton (DFA). A DFA is a theoretical machine accepting regular languages. These machines are a subset of the collection of Turing machines. DFAs are equivalent to read-only right moving Turing machines.
Yacc (Yet Another Compiler-Compiler) is a computer program for the Unix operating system developed by Stephen C. Johnson.It is a lookahead left-to-right rightmost derivation (LALR) parser generator, generating a LALR parser (the part of a compiler that tries to make syntactic sense of the source code) based on a formal grammar, written in a notation similar to Backus–Naur form (BNF). [1]
Other examples of parser generators in the yacc vein are ANTLR, Coco/R, [22] CUP, [citation needed] GNU Bison, Eli, [23] FSL, [citation needed] SableCC, SID (Syntax Improving Device), [24] and JavaCC. While useful, pure parser generators only address the parsing part of the problem of building a compiler.
Parser generators use a formal grammar to parse an input stream. It is typically preferable to have a parser, one generated by Yacc for instance, accept a stream of tokens (a "token-stream") as input, rather than having to process a stream of characters (a "character-stream") directly. Lex is often used to produce such a token-stream.
Berkeley Yacc (byacc) is a Unix parser generator designed to be compatible with Yacc.It was originally written by Robert Corbett and released in 1989. [3] Due to its liberal license and because it was faster than the AT&T Yacc, it quickly became the most popular version of Yacc. [4]
The most established is lex, paired with the yacc parser generator, or rather some of their many reimplementations, like flex (often paired with GNU Bison). These generators are a form of domain-specific language , taking in a lexical specification – generally regular expressions with some markup – and emitting a lexer.
GNU Bison – parser generator intended to replace yacc; GNU build system (autotools) – contains Autoconf, Automake, Autoheader, and Libtool; GNU Compiler Collection – optimizing compiler for many programming languages, including C, C++, Fortran, Ada, and Java; GNU Debugger (gdb) – an advanced debugger; GNU m4 – macro processor