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An immortalised cell line is a population of cells from a multicellular organism that would normally not proliferate indefinitely but, due to mutation, have evaded normal cellular senescence and instead can keep undergoing division.
The degree of HeLa cell contamination among other cell types is unknown, because few researchers test the identity or purity of already established cell lines. It has been shown that a substantial fraction of in vitro cell lines are contaminated with HeLa cells; estimates range from 10% to 20%.
In 1998, Thomson's Lab was the first to report the successful isolation of human embryonic stem cells. On November 6, 1998, Science published this research in an article titled "Embryonic Stem Cell Lines Derived from Human Blastocysts", results which Science later featured in its “Scientific Breakthrough of the Year” article, 1999. [3]
Many methods are used to identify cell lines, including isoenzyme analysis, human lymphocyte antigen (HLA) typing, chromosomal analysis, karyotyping, morphology and STR analysis. [35] One significant cell-line cross contaminant is the immortal HeLa cell line. HeLa contamination was first noted in the early 1960s in non-human culture in the USA.
Sir Martin John Evans FRS FMedSci FLSW (born 1 January 1941) is an English biologist [5] who, with Matthew Kaufman, was the first to culture mice embryonic stem cells and cultivate them in a laboratory in 1981.
Gordon Hisashi Sato (17 December 1927 – 31 March 2017) was an American cell biologist who first attained prominence for his discovery that polypeptide factors required for the culture of mammalian cells outside the body are also important regulators of differentiated cell functions and of utility in culture of new types of cells for use in research and biotechnology.
T. C. Hsu (1917–2003), Chinese-American cell biologist, geneticist, cytogeneticist; Thomas J. Hudson (born 1961), Canadian genome scientist, maps of human and mouse genomes; David Hungerford (1927–1993), US co-discoverer of Philadelphia chromosome in CML; Tim Hunt (born 1943), UK biochemist, Nobel Prize for discovery of cyclins in cell ...
By the time Gey published a short abstract claiming some credit for the development of the line, the cells were already being used by scientists all over the world. [5] Due to the unusual growth capabilities of the HeLa cell line, it also contaminated many cell cultures and ruined years of research, as discovered by Stanley Gartler in 1966. [3]
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