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The Smarta tradition (Sanskrit: स्मार्त, IAST: Smārta), also called Smartism, is a movement in Hinduism that developed and expanded with the Puranas genre of literature. [2] It reflects a synthesis of four philosophical strands, namely Uttara Mīmāṃsā , Advaita , Yoga , and theism . [ 3 ]
Shanmata (Sanskrit: षण्मत, romanized: Ṣaṇmata) meaning "Six Sects" in Sanskrit, is a system of worship, believed in the Smarta tradition to have been founded by the Hindu philosopher Adi Shankara, whose lifetime was during circa 8th century CE. [1]
The term sampradaya is used for branches with a particular founder-guru with a particular philosophy. [2] Hinduism has no central doctrinal authority and many practising Hindus do not claim to belong to any particular denomination or tradition. [3] Four major traditions are, however, used in scholarly studies: Vaishnavism, Shaivism, Shaktism ...
"From the consistent practice of the parts of the Yoga-process, on the elimination of the impurity, the radiant organ of perception becomes manifest, until there is a steady discriminative insight." This means – as impurities are eliminated through the observance of the steps of yoga , a gradual kindling of knowledge occurs up to the full ...
This theory of avatar formation syncretically integrates the theories of evolution of matter and life developed by the Samkhya school of Hindu philosophy. [ 163 ] [ 162 ] These texts also present cosmology, methods of worship, tantra, Yoga and principles behind the design and building of Vaishnava temples ( Mandira nirmana ).
The distinguishing features of Jain philosophy are its belief in the independent existence of soul and matter, predominance of karma, the denial of a creative and omnipotent God, belief in an eternal and uncreated universe, a strong emphasis on nonviolence, an accent on anekantavada and morality and ethics based on liberation of the soul.
Separating concepts in Hinduism from concepts specific to Indian culture, or from the language itself, can be difficult. Many Sanskrit concepts have an Indian secular meaning as well as a Hindu dharmic meaning. One example is the concept of Dharma. [4] Sanskrit, like all languages, contains words whose meanings differ across various contexts.
Hinduism comprises a large array of religious and philosophical movements primarily found in the Indian subcontinent. Most of it is based on ideas that partially align with the Vedas and thus includes the six orthodox schools of Indian philosophy, known as the astika schools, or more generally as the six branches of Hindu philosophy .