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Fragments of the Wanradt–Koell Catechism (1535), the first book printed in Estonian. The history of Estonia forms a part of the history of Europe.Human settlement in what is now Estonia became possible 13,000–11,000 years ago, after the ice from the last glacial era had melted, and signs of the first permanent population in the region date from around 9000 BCE.
The history of Estonia from 1918 to 1940 spanned the interwar period from the end of the Estonian War of Independence until the outbreak of World War II. It covers the years of parliamentary democracy, the Great Depression and the period of corporatist authoritarian rule .
This is a timeline of Estonian history, comprising important legal and territorial changes and political events in Estonia and its predecessor states. To read about the background to these events, see History of Estonia .
Estonia is among the least corrupt countries in the world and has the lowest level of corruption among the former Soviet Union states. Estonia has consistently ranked highly in international rankings for quality of life, [24] education, [25] press freedom, digitalisation of public services [26] [27] and the prevalence of technology companies. [28]
Counties of Ancient Estonia in the beginning of the 13th century. Ancient Estonia refers to a period covering History of Estonia from the middle of the 8th millennium BC until the conquest and subjugation of the local Finnic tribes in the first quarter of the 13th century during the Teutonic and Danish Northern Crusades.
The Republic of Estonia consisted of 47,750 km 2 of territory, with a population of 1,107,000 inhabitants. The armed forces was made up of 18,000 men. The armed forces was made up of 18,000 men. In the opinion of the Lithuanian armed forces General Staff, the army was large enough to defend The Republic of Estonia.
Estonia under Swedish rule signifies the period of time between 1561 and 1710, when present-day Estonia was under the rule of the Swedish Empire.In the wake of the breakup of the State of the Teutonic Order, the Baltic German local nobility in the areas of Harrien and Wierland (), as well as the city of Reval in June 1561 (and somewhat later Jerwen ()) asked for and were granted protection by ...
The Livonian War (1558–1583) was fought for control of Old Livonia (in the territory of present-day Estonia and Latvia).The Tsardom of Russia faced a varying coalition of the Dano-Norwegian Realm, the Kingdom of Sweden, and the Union (later Commonwealth) of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and the Kingdom of Poland.