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Cholesterol oleate, a member of the cholesteryl ester family. Cholesteryl esters are a type of dietary lipid and are ester derivatives of cholesterol. The ester bond is formed between the carboxylate group of a fatty acid and the hydroxyl group of cholesterol. Cholesteryl esters have a lower solubility in water due to their increased ...
Three fatty acid chains are bonded to each glycerol molecule. Each of the three -OH groups of the glycerol reacts with the carboxyl end of a fatty acid chain (-COOH). Water is eliminated and the remaining carbon atoms are linked by an -O- bond through dehydration synthesis. Both the adipose tissue and the liver can synthesize triglycerides.
An ester of a carboxylic acid.R stands for any group (typically hydrogen or organyl) and R ′ stands for any organyl group.. In chemistry, an ester is a compound derived from an acid (organic or inorganic) in which the hydrogen atom (H) of at least one acidic hydroxyl group (−OH) of that acid is replaced by an organyl group (R ′). [1]
The most commonly used alcohol is methanol, producing fatty acid methyl esters (FAME). When ethanol is used fatty acid ethyl esters (FAEE) are created. Other alcohols used for the production of biodiesel include butanol and isopropanol. Fatty acid ethyl esters are biomarkers for the consumption of ethanol (alcoholic beverages). [1] [2] [3]
Example of a diacylglycerol Example of a monoacylglycerol. In the body, stores of fat are referred to as adipose tissue.In these areas, intracellular triglycerides are stored in cytoplasmic lipid droplets.
Glycerides, also known as acylglycerols, are esters formed from glycerol and fatty acids, and are generally very hydrophobic. [ 1 ] Glycerol has three hydroxyl functional groups , which can be esterified with one, two, or three fatty acids to form mono- , di- , and triglycerides . [ 2 ]
Lipidology is the scientific study of lipids. Lipids are a group of biological macromolecules that have a multitude of functions in the body. [1] [2] [3] Clinical studies on lipid metabolism in the body have led to developments in therapeutic lipidology for disorders such as cardiovascular disease. [4]
The pancreatic lipase acts at the ester bond, hydrolyzing the bond and "releasing" the fatty acid. In triglyceride form, lipids cannot be absorbed by the duodenum . Fatty acids, monoglycerides (one glycerol, one fatty acid), and some diglycerides are absorbed by the duodenum, once the triglycerides have been broken down.