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5-Methoxytryptamine (5-MT, 5-MeO-T, or 5-OMe-T), also known as serotonin methyl ether or O-methylserotonin and as mexamine, is a tryptamine derivative closely related to the neurotransmitters serotonin and melatonin. [3] It has been shown to occur naturally in the body in low levels, especially in the pineal gland.
α-Methylmelatonin, also known as α-methyl-5-methoxy-N-acetyltryptamine, is a synthetic tryptamine derivative and analogue of the monoamine neurotransmitter melatonin. [1] It is a metabolite of α-methyltryptophan, α-methyl-5-hydroxytryptophan, and α-methylserotonin that can be formed in small amounts via aralkylamine N-acetyltransferase (AANAT).
5-Methyltryptamine (5-MeT, 5-Me-T) is a non-selective serotonin receptor agonist and serotonin releasing agent of the tryptamine family that has been used in scientific research. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] It is related to other 5- substituted tryptamines such as serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine; 5-HT) and 5-methoxytryptamine (5-MeO-T).
In 1958, Aaron B. Lerner and his colleagues isolated the substance N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine and named it melatonin. [1] [7] High-affinity melatonin binding sites were pharmacologically characterized in the bovine brain in 1979. The first melatonergic receptor was cloned from melanophores of Xenopus laevis in 1994. [7]
The bioavailability of melatonin is between 2.5 and 50%. [6] [7] Melatonin is rapidly absorbed and distributed, reaching peak plasma concentrations after 60 minutes of administration, and is then eliminated. [6] Usual doses of exogenous melatonin of 1 to 12 mg produce melatonin concentrations 10 to 100 times higher than endogenous peak levels. [7]
α-Alkyltryptamines are a group of substituted tryptamines which possess an alkyl group, such as a methyl or ethyl group, attached at the alpha carbon, and in most cases no substitution on the amine nitrogen.
Tryptamine is an indolamine metabolite of the essential amino acid tryptophan. [9] [10] The chemical structure is defined by an indole—a fused benzene and pyrrole ring, and a 2-aminoethyl group at the second carbon (third aromatic atom, with the first one being the heterocyclic nitrogen). [9]
N 1-Acetyl-N 2-formyl-5-methoxykynuramine Names IUPAC name ... (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). Infobox references ... (AMFK) is a metabolite of melatonin and an ...