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The Mughal dynasty (Persian: دودمان مغل, romanized: Dudmân-e Mughal) or the House of Babur (Persian: خاندانِ آلِ بابُر, romanized: Khāndān-e-Āl-e-Bābur), was a branch of the Timurid dynasty founded by Babur that ruled the Mughal Empire from its inception in 1526 till the early eighteenth century, and then as ceremonial suzerains over much of the empire until 1857.
The Mughals (also spelled Moghul or Mogul) is a Muslim corporate group from modern-day North India, Pakistan and Bangladesh. [1] They claim to have descended from the various Central Asian Mongolic , [ 2 ] [ 3 ] and Turkic peoples that had historically settled in the Mughal India and mixed with the native Indian population. [ 1 ]
The Mughal Empire was an early modern empire in South Asia. At its peak, the empire stretched from the outer fringes of the Indus River Basin in the west, northern Afghanistan in the northwest, and Kashmir in the north, to the highlands of present-day Assam and Bangladesh in the east, and the uplands of the Deccan Plateau in South India.
However Mughal forces under Humayun defeated Adil at the Battle of Sirhind in 1555 and re-established the Mughal Empire across the Punjab and northern India. Over the next twenty-four year, the Mughals gradually consolidated power in the Punjab. Campaigns followed to subdue local Zamindars, the Hill forts, and remnants of the Afghan establishment.
Shah Jahan's Central Asian Campaign, [5] also known as the Balkh Campaign or The Indian invasion of Balkh and Badakhshan [6] was a military campaign from 1646-1647 undertook by Mughal emperor Shah Jahan against the Uzbek Khanate of Bukhara in Central Asia.
It was regained by noble Momin Khan for a short time but again lost to the Marathas in 1756 after a long siege. Finding opportunity, the British captured Surat in 1759. After a setback at Panipat in 1761, the Marathas strengthened their hold on Gujarat. During this fifty years, the power struggle between the Mughal nobles and Marathas caused ...
Baz Bahadur declared the Malwa Sultanate independent, and he reigned until he was deposed by the Mughal Empire, and his kingdom absorbed in 1562. [32] [33] Map showing the territory under the Lodi dynasty. [34] Lodi dynasty (1451–1526), founded by Bahlul Khan Lodi, who belonged from the Lodi tribe. It was the last dynasty to rule the Delhi ...
Its population at the time is estimated to be 158,400,000 (a quarter of the world's population), over a territory of more than 4 million square kilometres (1.5 million square miles). [8] [9] Mughal power rapidly dwindled during the 18th century and the last emperor, Bahadur Shah II, was deposed in 1857, with the establishment of the British Raj ...