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Many mathematical problems have been stated but not yet solved. These problems come from many areas of mathematics, such as theoretical physics, computer science, algebra, analysis, combinatorics, algebraic, differential, discrete and Euclidean geometries, graph theory, group theory, model theory, number theory, set theory, Ramsey theory, dynamical systems, and partial differential equations.
The end of the millennium, which was also the centennial of Hilbert's announcement of his problems, provided a natural occasion to propose "a new set of Hilbert problems". Several mathematicians accepted the challenge, notably Fields Medalist Steve Smale , who responded to a request by Vladimir Arnold to propose a list of 18 problems ( Smale's ...
List of unsolved problems may refer to several notable conjectures or open problems in various academic fields: Natural sciences, engineering and medicine [ edit ]
For functions in certain classes, the problem of determining: whether two functions are equal, known as the zero-equivalence problem (see Richardson's theorem); [4] the zeroes of a function; whether the indefinite integral of a function is also in the class. [5] Of course, some subclasses of these problems are decidable.
Add the open problems from here, including whether PP implies AC, whether WPP implies AC, and whether the Schröder–Bernstein theorem for surjections implies AC. These are some of the oldest open problems in set theory. 50.221.225.231 16:02, 26 November 2024 (UTC)
Smale's problems is a list of eighteen unsolved problems in mathematics proposed by Steve Smale in 1998 [1] and republished in 1999. [2] Smale composed this list in reply to a request from Vladimir Arnold, then vice-president of the International Mathematical Union, who asked several mathematicians to propose a list of problems for the 21st century.
The other six Millennium Prize Problems remain unsolved, despite a large number of unsatisfactory proofs by both amateur and professional mathematicians. Andrew Wiles , as part of the Clay Institute's scientific advisory board, hoped that the choice of US$ 1 million prize money would popularize, among general audiences, both the selected ...
The kernel of the sunflower is the brown part in the middle, and each set of the sunflower is the union of a petal and the kernel. In the mathematical fields of set theory and extremal combinatorics, a sunflower or -system [1] is a collection of sets in which all possible distinct pairs of sets share the same intersection.