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Turkish or Ottoman illumination refers to non-figurative painted or drawn decorative art found in manuscripts or on sheets in muraqqa. [1] In Turkish it is called “tezhip”, [2] meaning “ornamenting with gold”. The Classical Islamic style of manuscript illumination combines techniques from Turkish, Persian, and Arabic traditions.
Thuluth script calligraphy of Ali decorating the Hagia Sophia Grand Mosque Map of Constantinople in Hunername-I, an example of Ottoman miniature Two tiles, circa 1560, fritware, painted in blue, turquoise, red, green, and black under a transparent glaze, Art Institute of Chicago (Chicago, USA) Ortaköy Mosque is a neo-baroque example of the Westernization of late Ottoman architecture
As in the art history of Europe, "miniature" is generally reserved for images including people, with abstract or geometrical decorative schemes on the pages of books called "illumination". These are much more common, and less sensitive, often found in grand copies of the Quran , as for example in Ottoman illumination .
Ottoman miniature (Turkish: Osmanlı minyatürü) is a style of illustration found in Ottoman manuscripts, often depicting portraits or historic events. Its unique style was developed from multiple cultural influences, such as the Persian Miniature art, as well as Byzantine and Mongol art.
An important case of Ottoman tile decoration outside the imperial capitals around this time was the refurbishment of the Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem ordered by Sultan Suleiman. During the refurbishment, the exterior of the building was covered in tilework which replaced the older Umayyad mosaic decoration. [ 23 ]
The illumination process was first developed in Iran in the early fifteenth century during the Timurid Period. By the end of the fifteenth century, the Ottomans had embraced the classical style. They employed decorative depictions of animals and plants to produce a classical ornamental style distinguished by its flat surfaces and vivid color ...
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Ottoman incense burners, city gas lamps, stoves; chandeliers, oil lamps, spirit lamps, acetylene lamps, Byzantine and Roman oil lamps, lanterns from different eras and places, and; hundreds of amazing items for illumination and heating. All are displayed in historical sequence, starting from the discovery of fire one million years ago.
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