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Cochrane Collaboration. Cochrane is a British [1] international charitable organisation formed to synthesize medical research findings to facilitate evidence-based choices about health interventions involving health professionals, patients and policy makers. [3][4] It includes 53 review groups that are based at research institutions worldwide.
The Cochrane Library (named after Archie Cochrane) is a collection of databases in medicine and other healthcare specialties provided by Cochrane and other organizations. At its core is the collection of Cochrane Reviews, a database of systematic reviews and meta-analyses which summarize and interpret the results of medical research.
The Cochrane Collaboration provides a handbook for systematic reviewers of interventions which "provides guidance to authors for the preparation of Cochrane Intervention reviews." [37] The Cochrane Handbook also outlines steps for preparing a systematic review [37] and forms the basis of two sets of standards for the conduct and reporting of ...
An expert on meta-analysis and systematic review methodologies, Professor Higgins contributes actively to the Cochrane Collaboration, where he also serves as Senior Methods Advisor. He is a co-editor of the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions and has been named an ISI Highly Cited researcher each year since 2015. [4]
The PRISMA flow diagram, depicting the flow of information through the different phases of a systematic review. PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) is an evidence-based minimum set of items aimed at helping scientific authors to report a wide array of systematic reviews and meta-analyses, primarily used to assess the benefits and harms of a health care ...
Critical appraisal (or quality assessment) in evidence based medicine, is the use of explicit, transparent methods to assess the data in published research, applying the rules of evidence to factors such as internal validity, adherence to reporting standards, conclusions, generalizability and risk-of-bias. [1][2] Critical appraisal methods form ...
Meta-analyses are often, but not always, important components of a systematic review procedure, see for instance PRISMA. [2] A meta-analysis can be conducted on several fields to assess the impact of an intervention when there are multiple studies reporting data suitable to measure a combined effect size .
Cochrane Collaboration/Cochrane UK/Cochrane Reviews. New and updated Cochrane Systematic Reviews are published every week. Prior to publication, each new review is discussed at a weekly Analysis of Review Group Output (ARGO) meeting by a group of health and communications specialists at Cochrane UK. The Cochrane reviews listed here are those ...