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Amylopectin / ˌ æ m ɪ l oʊ ˈ p ɛ k t ɪ n / is a water-insoluble [1] [2] polysaccharide and highly branched polymer of α-glucose units found in plants. It is one of the two components of starch, the other being amylose. Relation of amylopectin to starch granule. Plants store starch within specialized organelles called amyloplasts. To ...
Short-grain glutinous rice from Japan Long-grain glutinous rice from Thailand Glutinous rice flour. Glutinous rice (Oryza sativa var. glutinosa; also called sticky rice, sweet rice or waxy rice) is a type of rice grown mainly in Southeast East Asia, the northeastern regions of India and Bhutan which has opaque grains, very low amylose content, and is especially sticky when cooked.
It consists of two types of molecules: the linear and helical amylose and the branched amylopectin. Depending on the plant, starch generally contains 20 to 25% amylose and 75 to 80% amylopectin by weight. [4] Glycogen, the energy reserve of animals, is a more highly branched version of amylopectin.
Waxy potato starch is a variety of commercially available starch composed almost entirely of amylopectin molecules, [1] extracted from new potato varieties. Standard starch extracted from traditional potato varieties contains both amylose and amylopectin.
Amylopectin, though, is a branched polysaccharide because it has αlpha-1,4-glycosidic bonds with occasional αlpha-1,6-glycosidic bonds [34] around every 22 D-glucose units. [35] Glutinous rice is nearly 100% [36] composed of amylopectin and almost completely lacks its counterpart, amylose, in its starch granules. A nonglutinous rice grain ...
Japonica rice grains are rounder, thicker, and harder, compared to longer, thinner, and fluffier indica rice grains. Japonica rice is also stickier due to the higher content of amylopectin, whereas indica rice starch consists of less amylopectin and more amylose. [7] Japonica rice plants are shorter than indica rice plants. [citation needed]
Rice can come in many shapes, colours and sizes. This is a list of rice cultivars, also known as rice varieties.There are several species of grain called rice. [1] Asian rice (Oryza sativa) is most widely known and most widely grown, with two major subspecies (indica and japonica) and over 40,000 varieties. [2]
Retrogradation is a reaction that takes place when the amylose and amylopectin chains in cooked, gelatinized starch realign themselves as the cooked starch cools. [1]When native starch is heated and dissolved in water, the crystalline structure of amylose and amylopectin molecules is lost and they hydrate to form a viscous solution.