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Cefditoren holds a balanced antimicrobial spectrum that includes the three major pathogens of community-acquired lower-respiratory tract infections: Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and Moraxella catarrhalis. [3]
Moraxella catarrhalis is a fastidious, nonmotile, Gram-negative, aerobic, oxidase-positive diplococcus that can cause infections of the respiratory system, middle ear, eye, central nervous system, and joints of humans. It causes the infection of the host cell by sticking to the host cell using trimeric autotransporter adhesins.
Moraxella catarrhalis and Acinetobacter baumannii are human pathogens, and Moraxella bovis is the cause of "pinkeye" of cattle (infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis). [ 1 ] References
Moraxella is a genus of gram-negative bacteria in the family Moraxellaceae. It is named after the Swiss ophthalmologist Victor Morax . The organisms are short rods , coccobacilli , or as in the case of Moraxella catarrhalis , diplococci in morphology, with asaccharolytic, oxidase -positive, and catalase -positive properties. [ 2 ]
Gram-negative bacteria are seen less frequently: Haemophilus influenzae , Klebsiella pneumoniae , Escherichia coli , Pseudomonas aeruginosa , Bordetella pertussis, and Moraxella catarrhalis are the most common. These bacteria often live in the gut and enter the lungs when contents of the gut (such as vomit or faeces) are inhaled.
An indole butyrate disc is used to differentiate between Neisseria gonorrhoeae (negative result) and Moraxella catarrhalis (positive result). This test involves a butyrate disk, which when smeared with a culture, will change color for a positive result after 5 minutes of incubation. A blue color is the result of a positive test. [29]
The most common organisms which cause lobar pneumonia are Streptococcus pneumoniae, also called pneumococcus, Haemophilus influenzae and Moraxella catarrhalis. Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the tubercle bacillus, may also cause lobar pneumonia if pulmonary tuberculosis is not treated promptly.
Tributyrin is also used in microbiological laboratories to identify the bacterium Moraxella catarrhalis. [2] Tributyrin is a stable and rapidly absorbed prodrug of butyric acid which enhances antiproliferative effects of dihydroxycholecalciferol in human colon cancer cells. [3]