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  2. VGA text mode - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VGA_text_mode

    The VGA hardware has the ability to enable an underline on any character that has attribute bit 0 set. However, since this is an MDA-compatible feature, [ 7 ] the attribute bits not used by the MDA must be set to zero or the underline will not be shown. [ 6 ]

  3. Mode X - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mode_X

    Additionally, Abrash enabled the VGA's planar memory mode (also called "unchained mode"). Even though planar memory mode is a documented part of the VGA standard and was used in earlier commercial games, [ 2 ] it was first widely publicized in the Mode X articles, leading many programmers to consider Mode X and planar memory synonymous.

  4. INT 10H - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/INT_10H

    Furthermore, on a modern x86 system, BIOS calls can only be performed in Real mode, or Virtual 8086 mode. v8086 is not an option in Long mode. This means that a modern operating system, which operates in Protected mode (32 bit), or Long mode (64 bit), would need to switch into real mode and back to call the BIOS - a hugely expensive operation.

  5. Mode 13h - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mode_13h

    Default VGA 256-color palette. Mode 13h is the standard 256-color mode on VGA graphics hardware introduced in 1987 with the IBM PS/2. It has a resolution of 320 × 200 pixels. [1] It was used in computer games and art/animation software of the late 1980s and early to mid-1990s. [citation needed] "13h" refers to the number of the mode in the VGA ...

  6. Display Data Channel - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Display_Data_Channel

    Display Data Channel (DDC) is a collection of protocols for digital communication between a computer display and a graphics adapter that enable the display to communicate its supported display modes to the adapter and that enable the computer host to adjust monitor parameters, such as brightness and contrast.

  7. Windows Display Driver Model - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Display_Driver_Model

    It is a replacement for the previous Windows 2000 and Windows XP display driver model XDDM/XPDM [3] and is aimed at enabling better performance graphics and new graphics functionality and stability. [2] Display drivers in Windows Vista and Windows 7 can choose to either adhere to WDDM or to XDDM. [4]

  8. Video BIOS - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video_BIOS

    Ever since, EGA/VGA and all enhanced VGA compatible cards have included a Video BIOS. When the computer is started, some graphics cards (usually certain Nvidia cards) display their vendor, model, Video BIOS version and amount of video memory .

  9. Windows XP visual styles - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_XP_visual_styles

    Windows Classic is a visual style that is built-in to the operating system, utilizing the classic Windows look-and-feel that was used in previous versions of Windows prior to Windows XP. Officially titled "Windows Classic style", it is less CPU-intensive and offers better performance [ 11 ] (which is also the reason why it is used by default on ...