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Other notable features include: strong type inference; a flexible metaprogramming subsystem (using macros) full support for object-oriented programming (OOP), in the style of C#, Java, and C++; full support for functional programming, in the style of ML, OCaml, and Haskell, with these features: higher-order functions; pattern matching ...
In computer programming, lazy initialization is the tactic of delaying the creation of an object, the calculation of a value, or some other expensive process until the first time it is needed.
The object pool design pattern is used in several places in the standard classes of the .NET Framework. One example is the .NET Framework Data Provider for SQL Server. As SQL Server database connections can be slow to create, a pool of connections is maintained. Closing a connection does not actually relinquish the link to SQL Server.
The pattern is useful when exactly one object is needed to coordinate actions across a system. More specifically, the singleton pattern allows classes to: [2] Ensure they only have one instance; Provide easy access to that instance; Control their instantiation (for example, hiding the constructors of a class)
Efforts have also been made to codify design patterns in particular domains, including the use of existing design patterns as well as domain-specific design patterns. Examples include user interface design patterns, [8] information visualization, [9] secure design, [10] "secure usability", [11] Web design [12] and business model design. [13]
In object-oriented programming, the iterator pattern is a design pattern in which an iterator is used to traverse a container and access the container's elements. The iterator pattern decouples algorithms from containers; in some cases, algorithms are necessarily container-specific and thus cannot be decoupled.
UML class diagram. The abstract factory pattern in software engineering is a design pattern that provides a way to create families of related objects without imposing their concrete classes, by encapsulating a group of individual factories that have a common theme without specifying their concrete classes. [1]
Design Patterns: Elements of Reusable Object-Oriented Software (1994) is a software engineering book describing software design patterns. The book was written by Erich Gamma , Richard Helm , Ralph Johnson , and John Vlissides , with a foreword by Grady Booch .