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In contrast to structural steel, rebar steel grades are not harmonized yet across Europe, each country having their own national standards. However, some standardization of specification and testing methods exist under EN 10080 and EN ISO 15630: BS EN 10080: Steel for the reinforcement of concrete. Weldable reinforcing steel. General. (2005)
A cost estimator will typically use estimating software to estimate their bid price for a project, which will ultimately become part of a resulting construction contract. Some architects, engineers, construction managers, and others may also use cost estimating software to prepare cost estimates for purposes other than bidding such as budgeting ...
Also, because it resists corrosion, it does not need a protective concrete cover as thick as steel reinforcement does (typically 30 to 50 mm or more). FRP-reinforced structures therefore can be lighter and last longer. Accordingly, for some applications the whole-life cost will be price-competitive with steel-reinforced concrete.
Steel-reinforced slabs, typically between 100 and 500 mm thick, are most often used to construct floors and ceilings, while thinner mud slabs may be used for exterior paving (see below). [ 1 ] [ 2 ] In many domestic and industrial buildings, a thick concrete slab supported on foundations or directly on the subsoil , is used to construct the ...
Characteristics – Generally consisting of portland cement, water, construction aggregate (coarse and fine), and steel reinforcing bars , concrete is cheaper in comparison to structural steel. Strength – Concrete is a composite material with relatively high compressive strength properties, but lacking in tensile strength/ductility.
The EN 10080: Steel for the reinforcement of concrete is a European Standard. This standard is referenced by EN 1992 . This standard specifies general requirements and definitions for performance characteristics of steel reinforcement suitable for welding, which is used for reinforcement of concrete structures, supplied as finished products:
The reinforcement is often steel rebar (mesh, spiral, bars and other forms). Structural fibers of various materials are available. Concrete can also be prestressed (reducing tensile stress ) using internal steel cables (tendons), allowing for beams or slabs with a longer span than is practical with reinforced concrete alone.
In solid mechanics, a reinforced solid is a brittle material that is reinforced by ductile bars or fibres. A common application is reinforced concrete . When the concrete cracks the tensile force in a crack is not carried any more by the concrete but by the steel reinforcing bars only.