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Utilization management (UM) or utilization review is the use of managed care techniques such as prior authorization that allow payers, particularly health insurance companies, to manage the cost of health care benefits by assessing its medical appropriateness before it is provided, by using evidence-based criteria or guidelines.
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URAC is a Washington, DC–based non-profit organization [1] that provides accreditation of organizations involved in medical care services, as well as education and measurement programs. Founded under the name Utilization Review Accreditation Commission in 1990, the name was shortened to the acronym URAC in 1996. [2]
Milliman, formerly Milliman & Robertson, is an international actuarial and consulting firm based in Seattle, Washington. The company was founded in 1947, by Wendell Milliman and Stuart A. Robertson and operates 59 offices internationally, with over 3,000 employees. [citation needed] Milliman is owned and managed by approximately 350 principals. [1]
A clinical pathway is a multidisciplinary management tool based on evidence-based practice for a specific group of patients with a predictable clinical course, in which the different tasks (interventions) by the professionals involved in the patient care are defined, optimized and sequenced either by hour (ED), day (acute care) or visit (homecare).
Clinical peer review, also known as medical peer review is the process by which health care professionals, including those in nursing and pharmacy, evaluate each other's clinical performance. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] A discipline-specific process may be referenced accordingly (e.g., physician peer review , nursing peer review ).
Drug use/ utilization evaluation and medication utilization evaluations are the same as drug utilization review. [ 3 ] With the development of society and the economy, the costs of health care grows rapidly, and this becomes a burden on the worldwide health protection system. [ 4 ]
Plates vi & vii of the Edwin Smith Papyrus (around the 17th century BC), among the earliest medical guidelines. A medical guideline (also called a clinical guideline, standard treatment guideline, or clinical practice guideline) is a document with the aim of guiding decisions and criteria regarding diagnosis, management, and treatment in specific areas of healthcare.