Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
In probability theory and statistics, the chi-squared distribution (also chi-square or -distribution) with degrees of freedom is the distribution of a sum of the squares of independent standard normal random variables.
The sine-Gordon equation is a second-order nonlinear partial differential equation for a function dependent on two variables typically denoted and , involving the wave operator and the sine of .
The Schrödinger equation for the electron in a hydrogen atom (or a hydrogen-like atom) is = where is the electron charge, is the position of the electron relative to the nucleus, = | | is the magnitude of the relative position, the potential term is due to the Coulomb interaction, wherein is the permittivity of free space and = + is the 2-body ...
The Taft equation is a linear free energy relationship (LFER) used in physical organic chemistry in the study of reaction mechanisms and in the development of quantitative structure–activity relationships for organic compounds. It was developed by Robert W. Taft in 1952 [2] [3] [4] as a modification to the Hammett equation. [5]
The theory of optimal control is concerned with operating a dynamic system at minimum cost. The case where the system dynamics are described by a set of linear differential equations and the cost is described by a quadratic function is called the LQ problem.
For example, =, so 9 is a square number. A positive integer that has no square divisors except 1 is called square-free. For a non-negative integer n, the n th square number is n 2, with 0 2 = 0 being the zeroth one. The concept of square can be extended to some other number systems.
The Kutta–Joukowski theorem is a fundamental theorem in aerodynamics used for the calculation of lift of an airfoil (and any two-dimensional body including circular cylinders) translating in a uniform fluid at a constant speed so large that the flow seen in the body-fixed frame is steady and unseparated.
%PDF-1.5 %âãÏÓ 27 0 obj > endobj 37 0 obj >/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[]/Index[27 21]/Info 26 0 R/Length 72/Prev 142761/Root 28 0 R/Size 48/Type/XRef/W[1 3 1]>>stream ...