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Set-builder notation can be used to describe a set that is defined by a predicate, that is, a logical formula that evaluates to true for an element of the set, and false otherwise. [2] In this form, set-builder notation has three parts: a variable, a colon or vertical bar separator, and a predicate. Thus there is a variable on the left of the ...
Name First elements Short description OEIS Kolakoski sequence: 1, 2, 2, 1, 1, 2, 1, 2, 2, 1, ... The n th term describes the length of the n th run : A000002: Euler's ...
The name "Latin square" was inspired by mathematical papers by Leonhard Euler (1707–1783), who used Latin characters as symbols, [2] but any set of symbols can be used: in the above example, the alphabetic sequence A, B, C can be replaced by the integer sequence 1, 2, 3. Euler began the general theory of Latin squares.
To reduce the problem somewhat, a Latin square can always be put into a standard form known as a reduced square. A reduced square has its top row elements written in some natural order for the symbol set (for example, integers in increasing order or letters in alphabetical order). The left column entries are put in the same order.
In mathematics, the Pell numbers are an infinite sequence of integers, known since ancient times, that comprise the denominators of the closest rational approximations to the square root of 2. This sequence of approximations begins 1 / 1 , 3 / 2 , 7 / 5 , 17 / 12 , and 41 / 29 , so the sequence of Pell numbers ...
A set of polygons in an Euler diagram This set equals the one depicted above since both have the very same elements.. In mathematics, a set is a collection of different [1] things; [2] [3] [4] these things are called elements or members of the set and are typically mathematical objects of any kind: numbers, symbols, points in space, lines, other geometrical shapes, variables, or even other ...
if the last digit of a number is 2 or 8, its square ends in an even digit followed by a 4; if the last digit of a number is 3 or 7, its square ends in an even digit followed by a 9; if the last digit of a number is 4 or 6, its square ends in an odd digit followed by a 6; and; if the last digit of a number is 5, its square ends in 25.
The middle square of the associated arithmetic progression of squares is (+), and the other two squares may be found by adding or subtracting the congruum. Additionally, multiplying a congruum by a square number produces another congruum, whose progression of squares is multiplied by the same factor.