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Mutual Aid: A Factor of Evolution is a 1902 collection of anthropological essays by Russian naturalist and anarchist philosopher Peter Kropotkin.The essays, initially published in the English periodical The Nineteenth Century between 1890 and 1896, [1] explore the role of mutually beneficial cooperation and reciprocity (or "mutual aid") in the animal kingdom and human societies both past and ...
Mutual Banking: Showing the Radical Deficiency of the Present Circulating Medium and the Advantages of a Free Currency. Kropotkin, Peter (1902). Mutual Aid: A Factor of Evolution. Lloyd, J. William (1927). Anarchist-Mutualism. Individualist anarchist criticism. Long, Roderick T., ed. (Winter 2006). Journal of Libertarian Studies 20 (1).
A mutual-aid soup kitchen Conder Street Mission Hall, 1881. The term "mutual aid" was popularized by the anarchist philosopher Peter Kropotkin in his essay collection Mutual Aid: A Factor of Evolution, which argued that cooperation, not competition, was the driving mechanism behind evolution, through biological mutualism.
According to Kirkpatrick Sale, "[w]ith Mutual Aid especially, and later with Fields, Factories, and Workshops, Kropotkin was able to move away from the absurdist limitations of individual anarchism and no-laws anarchism that had flourished during this period and provide instead a vision of communal anarchism, following the models of independent ...
The Conquest of Bread [a] is an 1892 book by the Russian anarchist Peter Kropotkin. Originally written in French, it first appeared as a series of articles in the anarchist journal Le Révolté . It was first published in Paris with a preface by Élisée Reclus , who also suggested the title.
Download as PDF; Printable version; ... Pages in category "Works by Peter Kropotkin" The following 6 pages are in this category, out of 6 total. ... Mutual Aid: A ...
The principle of mutual aid, originally identified by Peter Kropotkin as arising from natural law, is that since evolution occurs in groups – not individuals – it is evolutionarily advantageous for members of a community to assist each other. The anarchist approach to building power – and structuring power relationships – is derived ...
In their place, social anarchists encourage social collaboration through mutual aid and envision non-hierarchical forms of social organization, such as voluntary associations. Identified with the socialist tradition of Pierre-Joseph Proudhon, Mikhail Bakunin and Peter Kropotkin, social anarchism is often contrasted with individualist anarchism.