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Bose first sent a paper to Einstein on the quantum statistics of light quanta (now called photons), in which he derived Planck's quantum radiation law without any reference to classical physics. Einstein was impressed, translated the paper himself from English to German and submitted it for Bose to the Zeitschrift für Physik , which published ...
Flux tube – Tube-like region of space with constant magnet flux along its length; Ginzburg–Landau theory – Superconductivity theory; Husimi Q representation – Computational physics simulation tool; Josephson effect – Quantum physical phenomenon; Macroscopic quantum phenomena – Macroscopic processes showing quantum behavior
Hence, units of electric flux are, in the MKS system, newtons per coulomb times meters squared, or N m 2 /C. (Electric flux density is the electric flux per unit area, and is a measure of strength of the normal component of the electric field averaged over the area of integration. Its units are N/C, the same as the electric field in MKS units.)
weber (magnetic flux) In the electromagnetic CGS system, electric current is a fundamental quantity defined via Ampère's law and takes the permeability as a dimensionless quantity (relative permeability) whose value in vacuum is unity . [ 32 ]
Neutrino oscillation is a quantum mechanical phenomenon in which a neutrino created with a specific lepton family number ("lepton flavor": electron, muon, or tau) can later be measured to have a different lepton family number.
It is used in the most accurate available measurements of the magnetic flux quantum Φ 0 = h/(2e), where h is the Planck constant. Coupled with the quantum Hall resistivity, this leads to a precise measurement of the Planck constant. Josephson was awarded the Nobel Prize for this work in 1973.
An electric field (sometimes called E-field [1]) is a physical field that surrounds electrically charged particles.In classical electromagnetism, the electric field of a single charge (or group of charges) describes their capacity to exert attractive or repulsive forces on another charged object.