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A mathematical symbol is a figure or a combination of figures that is used to represent a mathematical object, an action on mathematical objects, a relation between mathematical objects, or for structuring the other symbols that occur in a formula.
Depending on authors, the term "maps" or the term "functions" may be reserved for specific kinds of functions or morphisms (e.g., function as an analytic term and map as a general term). mathematics See mathematics. multivalued A "multivalued function” from a set A to a set B is a function from A to the subsets of B.
The following table lists many specialized symbols commonly used in modern mathematics, ordered by their introduction date. The table can also be ordered alphabetically by clicking on the relevant header title.
The length of a non-trivial cycle is known to be at least 114 208 327 604 (or 186 265 759 595 without shortcut). If it can be shown that for all positive integers less than 3 × 2 69 {\displaystyle 3\times 2^{69}} the Collatz sequences reach 1, then this bound would raise to 217 976 794 617 ( 355 504 839 929 without shortcut).
Aristotle also thought that quantity alone does not distinguish mathematics from sciences like physics; in his view, abstraction and studying quantity as a property "separable in thought" from real instances set mathematics apart. [5] Auguste Comte's definition tried to explain the role of mathematics in coordinating phenomena in all other ...
Also called infinitesimal calculus A foundation of calculus, first developed in the 17th century, that makes use of infinitesimal numbers. Calculus of moving surfaces an extension of the theory of tensor calculus to include deforming manifolds. Calculus of variations the field dedicated to maximizing or minimizing functionals. It used to be called functional calculus. Catastrophe theory a ...
Constructible number: A number representing a length that can be constructed using a compass and straightedge. Constructible numbers form a subfield of the field of algebraic numbers, and include the quadratic surds. Algebraic integer: A root of a monic polynomial with integer coefficients.
Absolutely closed See H-closed Accessible See . Accumulation point See limit point. Alexandrov topology The topology of a space X is an Alexandrov topology (or is finitely generated) if arbitrary intersections of open sets in X are open, or equivalently, if arbitrary unions of closed sets are closed, or, again equivalently, if the open sets are the upper sets of a poset.