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2. Argument–deduction–proof distinctions - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Argument–deduction...

   Quine devotes the first chapter of Philosophy of Logic to this issue. [2] Historians have not even been able to agree on what Aristotle took as constituents. [3] Argument–deduction–proof distinctions are inseparable from what have been called the consequence–deducibility distinction and the truth-and-consequence conception of proof. [1]

3. Argument - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Argument

   The military budget argument example is a strong, cogent argument. Non-deductive logic is reasoning using arguments in which the premises support the conclusion but do not entail it. Forms of non-deductive logic include the statistical syllogism , which argues from generalizations true for the most part, and induction , a form of reasoning that ...

4. Logical reasoning - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logical_reasoning

   This support comes in degrees: strong arguments make the conclusion very likely, as is the case for well-researched issues in the empirical sciences. [ 1 ] [ 16 ] Some theorists give a very wide definition of logical reasoning that includes its role as a cognitive skill responsible for high-quality thinking.

5. Validity (logic) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Validity_(logic)

   Argument terminology used in logic. In logic, an argument is a set of related statements expressing the premises (which may consists of non-empirical evidence, empirical evidence or may contain some axiomatic truths) and a necessary conclusion based on the relationship of the premises.

6. Hilbert's second problem - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hilbert's_second_problem

   In mathematics, Hilbert's second problem was posed by David Hilbert in 1900 as one of his 23 problems. It asks for a proof that arithmetic is consistent – free of any internal contradictions. Hilbert stated that the axioms he considered for arithmetic were the ones given in Hilbert (1900) , which include a second order completeness axiom.

7. Quizlet - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quizlet

   Quizlet was founded in October 2005 by Andrew Sutherland, who at the time was a 15-year old student, [2] and released to the public in January 2007. [3] Quizlet's primary products include digital flash cards , matching games , practice electronic assessments , and live quizzes.

8. Strength (mathematical logic) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strength_(mathematical_logic)

   This mathematical logic -related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

9. Logical form - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logical_Form

   In logic, the logical form of a statement is a precisely-specified semantic version of that statement in a formal system.Informally, the logical form attempts to formalize a possibly ambiguous statement into a statement with a precise, unambiguous logical interpretation with respect to a formal system.