Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
Common names for ketones can be derived by naming the two alkyl or aryl groups bonded to the carbonyl group as separate words followed by the word ketone. Acetone; Acetophenone; Benzophenone; Ethyl isopropyl ketone; Diethyl ketone; The first three of the names shown above are still considered to be acceptable IUPAC names.
Aldehyde structure. In organic chemistry, an aldehyde (/ ˈ æ l d ɪ h aɪ d /) is an organic compound containing a functional group with the structure R−CH=O. [1] The functional group itself (without the "R" side chain) can be referred to as an aldehyde but can also be classified as a formyl group. Aldehydes are a common motif in many ...
Ketones give positive results in Brady's test, the reaction with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine to give the corresponding hydrazone. Ketones may be distinguished from aldehydes by giving a negative result with Tollens' reagent or with Fehling's solution. Methyl ketones give positive results for the iodoform test. [7] Ketones also give positive ...
Name of straight chain Synonyms 1 1 1 CH 4: methane: methyl hydride; natural gas 2 1 1 C 2 H 6: ethane: dimethyl; ethyl hydride; methyl methane 3 1 1 C 3 H 8: propane: dimethyl methane; propyl hydride 4 2 2 C 4 H 10: n-butane: butyl hydride; methylethyl methane 5 3 3 C 5 H 12: n-pentane: amyl hydride; Skellysolve A 6 5 5 C 6 H 14: n-hexane
The condensation of aldehydes with hydroxylamine gives aldoximes, and ketoximes are produced from ketones and hydroxylamine. In general, oximes exist as colorless crystals or as thick liquids and are poorly soluble in water. Therefore, oxime formation can be used for the identification of ketone or aldehyde functional groups.
The term ketal is sometimes used to identify structures associated with ketones (both R groups organic fragments rather than hydrogen) rather than aldehydes and, historically, the term acetal was used specifically for the aldehyde-related cases (having at least one hydrogen in place of an R on the central carbon). [1]
The name combines the suffix 'ol' from the alcohol and the prefix depending on the carbonyl group, either 'ald' for an aldehyde, or 'ket' for a ketone, in which case it referred to as a 'ketol'. An aldol may also use the term β-hydroxy aldehyde (or β-hydroxy ketone for a ketol). The term "aldol" may refer to 3-hydroxybutanal. [1] [2]
Acetylene (systematic name: ethyne) is the chemical compound with the formula C 2 H 2 and structure H−C≡C−H. It is a hydrocarbon and the simplest alkyne. [8] This colorless gas is widely used as a fuel and a chemical building block. It is unstable in its pure form and thus is usually handled as a solution. [9]