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Minton majolica game pie dish, lead-glazed earthenware, c. 1875, an iconic example of High Victorian appetite for innovation with humour/whimsy, coloured lead glazes. Lead-glazed earthenware is one of the traditional types of earthenware with a ceramic glaze, which coats the ceramic bisque body and renders it impervious to liquids, as ...
A ceramic flux functions by promoting partial or complete liquefaction. [1] [2] The most commonly used fluxing oxides in a ceramic glaze contain lead, sodium, potassium, lithium, calcium, magnesium, barium, zinc, strontium, and manganese. These are introduced to the raw glaze as compounds, for example lead as lead oxide.
A high-lead glaze has a linear expansion coefficient of between 5 and 7×10 −6 /°C, compared to 9 to 10×10 −6 /°C for alkali glazes. Those of earthenware ceramics vary between 3 and 5×10 −6 /°C for non-calcareous bodies and 5 to 7×10 −6 /°C for calcareous clays, or those containing 15–25% CaO. [16] Therefore, the thermal ...
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Ceramic industries are reluctant to use lead alternatives since leaded glazes provide products with a brilliant shine and smooth surface. The United States Environmental Protection Agency has experimented with a dual glaze, barium alternative to lead, but they were unsuccessful in achieving the same optical effect as leaded glazes.
Tin-glazing is the process of giving tin-glazed pottery items a ceramic glaze that is white, glossy and opaque, which is normally applied to red or buff earthenware. Tin-glaze is plain lead glaze with a small amount of tin oxide added. [1] The opacity and whiteness of tin glaze encourage its frequent decoration.
Galena is the primary ore of lead, and is often mined for its silver content. [6] It is used as a source of lead in ceramic glaze. [27] Galena is a semiconductor with a small band gap of about 0.4 eV, which found use in early wireless communication systems.
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