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  2. Cartesian coordinate system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cartesian_coordinate_system

    Fixing or choosing the x-axis determines the y-axis up to direction. Namely, the y-axis is necessarily the perpendicular to the x-axis through the point marked 0 on the x-axis. But there is a choice of which of the two half lines on the perpendicular to designate as positive and which as negative.

  3. Rotation of axes in two dimensions - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotation_of_axes_in_two...

    A point P has coordinates (x, y) with respect to the original system and coordinates (x′, y′) with respect to the new system. [1] In the new coordinate system, the point P will appear to have been rotated in the opposite direction, that is, clockwise through the angle . A rotation of axes in more than two dimensions is defined similarly.

  4. Rotation matrix - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotation_matrix

    If we condense the skew entries into a vector, (x,y,z), then we produce a 90° rotation around the x-axis for (1, 0, 0), around the y-axis for (0, 1, 0), and around the z-axis for (0, 0, 1). The 180° rotations are just out of reach; for, in the limit as x → ∞ , ( x , 0, 0) does approach a 180° rotation around the x axis, and similarly for ...

  5. Axes conventions - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Axes_conventions

    The positive x-axis in vehicles points always in the direction of movement. For positive y - and z -axis, we have to face two different conventions: In case of land vehicles like cars, tanks etc., which use the ENU-system (East-North-Up) as external reference ( World frame ), the vehicle's (body's) positive y - or pitch axis always points to ...

  6. Coordinate system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coordinate_system

    A point in the plane may be represented in homogeneous coordinates by a triple (x, y, z) where x/z and y/z are the Cartesian coordinates of the point. [10] This introduces an "extra" coordinate since only two are needed to specify a point on the plane, but this system is useful in that it represents any point on the projective plane without the ...

  7. Translation of axes - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Translation_of_axes

    For an xyz-Cartesian coordinate system in three dimensions, suppose that a second Cartesian coordinate system is introduced, with axes x', y' and z' so located that the x' axis is parallel to the x axis and h units from it, the y' axis is parallel to the y axis and k units from it, and the z' axis is parallel to the z axis and l units from it.

  8. Abscissa and ordinate - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abscissa_and_ordinate

    For any point, the abscissa is the first value (x coordinate), and the ordinate is the second value (y coordinate). In mathematics , the abscissa ( / æ b ˈ s ɪ s . ə / ; plural abscissae or abscissas ) and the ordinate are respectively the first and second coordinate of a point in a Cartesian coordinate system : [ 1 ] [ 2 ]

  9. Aircraft principal axes - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aircraft_principal_axes

    Normal axis, or yaw axis — an axis drawn from top to bottom, and perpendicular to the other two axes, parallel to the fuselage or frame station.; Transverse axis, lateral axis, or pitch axis — an axis running from the pilot's left to right in piloted aircraft, and parallel to the wings of a winged aircraft, parallel to the buttock line.