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[5] During Simeon's rule, Bulgaria spread over a territory between the Aegean, the Adriatic and the Black seas. [6] [7] The newly independent Bulgarian Orthodox Church became the first new patriarchate besides the Pentarchy, and Bulgarian Glagolitic and Cyrillic translations of Christian texts spread all over the Slavic world of the time. [8]
[3] [5] [6] Simeon continued the policy of his father Boris I (r. 852–889) of establishing and disseminating Bulgarian culture, turning the country into the literary and spiritual centre of Slavic Europe. The Preslav and literary schools, founded under Boris I, reached their apogee during the reign of his successor.
1 According to, among others, Crampton, Delev, Dobrev and Lalkov.; 2 Bulgaria ruled all land east of the Danube and west of the Dnieper according to Constantine VII's De Administrando Imperio (c. 950), but actual Bulgarian control was often partial, weak and/or inconsistent in many of the scarcely-populated areas north of the Danube.
Soon after Simeon I (r. 893–927) ascended to the throne, he successfully defended Bulgaria's commercial interests, acquired territory between the Black Sea and the Strandzha mountains, and imposed an annual tribute on the Byzantine Empire as a result of the Byzantine–Bulgarian war of 894–896.
Simeon I may refer to: Simon I (High Priest) (310–291 or 300–270 BCE), in the Temple in Jerusalem; Simeon I, Caucasian Albanian Catholicos in 706–707; Simeon I of Bulgaria (864/865 – 927) Simeon of Moscow, Simeon Ivanovich Gordyi (the Proud), (1316–1353), Prince of Moscow and Grand Prince of Vladimir
The Tsardom of Bulgaria is a continuation of the Bulgarian state founded in 681, actually the First Bulgarian Empire and the Tsardom of Bulgaria are one state.. It occurred in three distinct periods: between the 10th and 11th centuries, again between the 12th and 15th centuries, and again in the 20th century.
Serbia was annexed by Bulgaria by which Simeon considerably expanded his state. [8] After Simeon's annexation of Serbia the Bulgarian state bordered the Croatian kingdom under Tomislav, who was a Byzantine ally. [9] Croatia was now located between Bulgaria and the weakly defended Byzantine Theme of Dalmatia, a possible new target of Simeon. [10]
The Golden Age of Bulgaria is the period of the Bulgarian cultural prosperity during the reign of emperor Simeon I the Great (889—927). [1] The term was coined by Spiridon Palauzov in the mid 19th century. During this period there was an increase of literature, writing, arts, architecture and liturgical reforms.