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Novgorod Republic (Russian: Новгородская республика, romanized: Novgorodskaya respublika) itself is a much later term, [22] although the polity was described as a republic as early as in the beginning of the 16th century. [23] [24] Soviet historians frequently used the terms Novgorod Feudal Republic and Novgorod Boyar ...
Veliky Novgorod trolleybus map (2021) Local transportation consists of a network of buses and trolleybuses . The trolleybus network, which currently consists of five routes, started operating in 1995 and is the first trolley system opened in Russia after the fall of the Soviet Union .
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Novgorod Land was especially seriously affected by the crisis of the late 16th century. Due to a severe epidemic hitting Novgorod in 1552, massacres by Ivan the Terrible, repeated crop failures and the increasing tax burden, the population decreased five times by the end of the century. [41] [42] Novgorod Land on the Dutch map of Muscovy (1593)
Novgorod was one of few areas of Rus not affected by the Mongol invasions, and therefore, in particular, active ecclesiastical construction was continuing in Novgorod in the 14th century, while it was stale in the rest of Rus. Novgorod was as well the seat of archbishop and an important cultural center. The earliest known Russian manuscripts ...
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A map showing the five kontsy of Novgorod. Novgorod with its vicinity (located on upper Volkhov and near Ilmen Lake) belonged to a separate territorial unit. [citation needed] The city of Novgorod itself was divided into five kontsy (концы) or boroughs: Nerevsky, Zagorodsky, Lyudin, Slavensky and Plotnitsky.